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SAASM does not provide any additional anti-jam capability, however, the higher data (chipping) rate of P(Y) code can provide a higher processing gain which will provide better tracking performance in a jamming environment. Future GPS upgrades, such as M-Code, will provide additional improvements to anti-jam capabilities. [citation needed]
It does not work at every satellite, and M-code was switched off for SVN62/PRN25 on 5 April 2011. [29] In a major departure from previous GPS designs, the M-code is intended to be broadcast from a high-gain directional antenna, in addition to a full-Earth antenna.
Like the other new GPS signals, M-code is dependent on OCX—specifically Block 2—which was scheduled to enter service in October 2016, [42] [46] but which was delayed until 2022, [47] and that initial date did not reflect the two year first satellite launch delays expected by the GAO. [48] [49] Other M-code characteristics are:
Coarse-acquisition (C/A) and encrypted precision (P(Y)) codes, plus the L1 civilian and military (M) codes on Block III and newer satellites. L2: 1227.60 MHz: P(Y) code, plus the L2C and military codes on the Block IIR-M and newer satellites. L3: 1381.05 MHz: Used for nuclear detonation (NUDET) detection. L4: 1379.913 MHz
Like earlier GPS satellites, Block IIF spacecraft operate in semi-synchronous medium Earth orbits, with an altitude of approximately 20,460 km (12,710 mi), and an orbital period of twelve hours. The satellites supplement and partially replace the GPS Block IIA satellites that were launched between 1990 and 1997 with a design life of 7.5 years ...
Few civilian receivers have ever used the P-code, and the accuracy attainable with the public C/A code was much better than originally expected (especially with DGPS), so much so that the antispoof policy has relatively little effect on most civilian users. Turning off antispoof would primarily benefit surveyors and some scientists who need ...
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Binary offset carrier modulation [1] [2] (BOC modulation) was developed by John Betz in order to allow interoperability of satellite navigation systems. It is currently used in the US GPS system, Indian IRNSS system and in Galileo [3] and is a square sub-carrier modulation, where a signal is multiplied by a rectangular sub-carrier of frequency equal to or greater than the chip rate.