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Decortication is performed under general anaesthesia.It is a major thoracic operation that has traditionally required a full thoracotomy.Since the early '90s this procedure has increasingly been performed using more minimally invasive thoracoscopy.
Thoracoscopy is a medical procedure involving internal examination, biopsy and/or resection/drainage of disease or masses within the pleural cavity, [1] usually with video assistance. Thoracoscopy may be performed either under general anaesthesia or under sedation with local anaesthetic .
It is usually performed at the time of a diagnostic thoracoscopy. [citation needed] Povidone iodine is equally effective and safe as talc, and may be preferred because of easy availability and low cost. [6] Chemical pleurodesis is a painful procedure, and so patients are often premedicated with a sedative and analgesics.
Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) is a type of minimally invasive thoracic surgery performed using a small video camera mounted to a fiberoptic thoracoscope (either 5 mm or 10 mm caliber), with or without angulated visualization, which allows the surgeon to see inside the chest by viewing the video images relayed onto a television screen, and perform procedures using elongated ...
Lung transplantation is an intricate treatment that can provide efficient results, however, there are risks that come with this procedure which include: bleeding, infection, blockage of the blood vessels to the new lungs, blockage of the airways, severe pulmonary oedema as well as potential blood clot formation.
Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), also known as bronchoalveolar washing, is a diagnostic method of the lower respiratory system in which a bronchoscope is passed through the mouth or nose into an appropriate airway in the lungs, with a measured amount of fluid introduced and then collected for examination.
Treatment includes different maneuvers that aim to remove the foreign body that is obstructing the airway. This type of obstruction most often occurs when someone is eating or drinking. Most modern protocols, including those of the American Heart Association , American Red Cross and the European Resuscitation Council , [ 5 ] recommend several ...
Pulmonary tractotomy is a lung sparing technique. It can prevent the need for formal lung resection. Its advantages over segmental lung resection include that it can be performed quicker; it offers a rapid way to control bleeding (haemorrhage) and air leaks in patients with penetrating lung injuries.