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An undine is an ophthalmic irrigation device which was used to trickle a cleansing liquid over the conjunctival surface while controlling the flow with the thumb or finger over the filling hole. It has now been superseded by more modern equipment.
Saline solution for irrigation. Normal saline (NSS, NS or N/S) is the commonly used phrase for a solution of 0.90% w/v of NaCl, 308 mOsm/L or 9.0 g per liter. Less commonly, this solution is referred to as physiological saline or isotonic saline (because it is approximately isotonic to blood serum, which makes it a physiologically normal solution).
Nasal irrigation Ear lavage Pulsed lavage - delivery of an irrigant (usually normal saline) under direct pressure that is produced by an electrically powered device, useful in cleaning e.g. chronic wounds .
BSS (ophthalmic irrigation solution) (produced by Alcon) . Composition per 1 mL: sodium chloride (NaCl) 6.4 mg, potassium chloride (KCl) 0.75 mg, calcium chloride dihydrate (CaCl 2 ·2H 2 O) 0.48 mg, magnesium chloride hexahydrate (MgCl 2 •6H 2 O) 0.3 mg, sodium acetate trihydrate (C 2 H 3 NaO 2 ·3H 2 O) 3.9 mg, sodium citrate dihydrate (C 6 H 5 Na 3 O 7 ·2H 2 O) 1.7 mg, sodium hydroxide ...
The first mention of the enema in medical literature is in the Ancient Egyptian Ebers Papyrus (c. 1550 BCE). One of the many types of medical specialists was a Nery-Pehuyt, the Shepherd of the Anus. Many medications were administered by enemas. [74] There was a Keeper of the Royal Rectum [75] who may have primarily been the pharaoh's enema maker.
Whole bowel irrigation is sometimes used prior to colonoscopy, bowel surgery, other abdominal/pelvic surgery, or a barium enema examination, to cleanse the intestines, enhancing visibility of the intestines' inner surfaces, preventing complications from occurring as a result of spillage of bowel contents into the abdominal cavity, and potentially providing other benefits depending on the type ...