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4over6 is an IPv6 transition technology intended as a mechanism for Internet service providers to provide continued access to the IPv4 Internet over an IPv6-only service provider infrastructure. There are currently two versions of the protocol: Public 4over6 which is deployed but not recommended for new implementations, [ 1 ] and Lightweight ...
Hybrid dual-stack IPv6/IPv4 implementations recognize a special class of addresses, the IPv4-mapped IPv6 addresses. [ 62 ] : §2.2.3 [ 36 ] These addresses are typically written with a 96-bit prefix in the standard IPv6 format, and the remaining 32 bits are written in the customary dot-decimal notation of IPv4.
As of June 2012, the ISP named RCS&RDS offers dual-stack IPv4/IPv6 PPPoE services to current home users using modern versions of Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, Linux and other IPv6-ready devices. [231] More than 1 million RCS & RDS residential customers can now use native IPv6 on a dual-stack PPPoE connection and 16% [ 232 ] already do.
ISATAP typically builds its Potential Router List (PRL) by consulting the DNS; hence, in the OSI model it is a lower-layer protocol that relies on a higher layer. A circularity is avoided by relying on an IPv4 DNS server, which does not rely on IPv6 routing being established; however, some network specialists claim that these violations lead to insufficient protocol robustness.
6over4 is an IPv6 transition mechanism meant to transmit IPv6 packets between dual-stack nodes on top of a multicast-enabled IPv4 network. IPv4 is used as a virtual data link layer (virtual Ethernet) on which IPv6 can be run.
Happy Eyeballs (also called Fast Fallback) is an algorithm published by the IETF that makes dual-stack applications (those that understand both IPv4 and IPv6) more responsive to users by attempting to connect using both IPv4 and IPv6 at the same time (preferring IPv6), thus minimizing IPv6 brokenness and DNS whitelisting experienced by users that have imperfect IPv6 connections or setups.
In this dual-stack configuration, server applications only need to open a single listening socket to handle connections from clients using IPv6 or IPv4 protocols. IPv6 clients are handled natively by default, and IPv4 clients appear as IPv6 clients at their IPv4-mapped IPv6 address.
Due to the fact that it is difficult to manage multiple identifiers in a dual-stack environment, and the fact that DUIDs are simply not optimal for some situations, RFC 6939 was released, giving a way to identify a host based on its MAC address. It defines a way for a DHCPv6 relay to pass that information to a DHCPv6 server.