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Radiation-induced cognitive decline describes the possible correlation between radiation therapy and cognitive impairment. Radiation therapy is used mainly in the treatment of cancer. Radiation therapy can be used to cure, care or shrink tumors that are interfering with quality of life.
It is distinct from acute radiation syndrome, in that it occurs at dose rates low enough to permit natural repair mechanisms to compete with the radiation damage during the exposure period. Dose rates high enough to cause the acute form (> ~0.1 Gy/h) are fatal long before onset of the chronic form.
Acute radiation syndrome (ARS), also known as radiation sickness or radiation poisoning, is a collection of health effects that are caused by being exposed to high amounts of ionizing radiation in a short period of time. [1] Symptoms can start within an hour of exposure, and can last for several months.
Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) is a serious complication of radiation therapy in cancer treatment where radiated bone becomes necrotic and exposed. [1] ORN occurs most commonly in the mouth during the treatment of head and neck cancer, and can arise over 5 years after radiation. [2]
Head and neck cancer is a general term encompassing multiple cancers that can develop in the head and neck region. These include cancers of the mouth, tongue, gums and lips ( oral cancer ), voice box ( laryngeal ), throat ( nasopharyngeal , oropharyngeal , [ 1 ] hypopharyngeal ), salivary glands , nose and sinuses .
Since long-term toxicity is associated with radiation dose, determining the efficacy of lower and hence less morbid doses of radiation is a priority, since many HPV+ patients can be expected to have long-term survival. [12] Radiation is commonly utilised in combination with chemotherapy but also may be used as a single modality, especially in ...
Radiation exposure, a measure of the ionization of air due to ionizing radiation from photons; Radiation-induced cancer, exposure to ionizing radiation is known to increase the future incidence of cancer, particularly leukemia; Acute radiation syndrome, a collection of health effects that are caused by being exposed to high amounts of ionizing ...
Long-term epidural catheter The outer layer of the sheath surrounding the spinal cord is called the dura mater . Between this and the surrounding vertebrae is the epidural space filled with connective tissue, fat and blood vessels and crossed by the spinal nerve roots.