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Mesoscale convective systems are thunderstorm regions which may be round or linear in shape, on the order of 100 kilometres (62 mi) or more across in one direction but smaller than extratropical cyclones, [2] and include systems such as tropical cyclones, squall lines, and mesoscale convective complexes (MCCs), among others. MCS is a more ...
A mesoscale convective complex (MCC) is a unique kind of mesoscale convective system which is defined by characteristics observed in infrared satellite imagery. They are long-lived, often form nocturnally, and commonly contain heavy rainfall , wind , hail , lightning , and possibly tornadoes .
A mesoscale convective vortex (MCV) is a low-pressure center within a mesoscale convective system (MCS) that pulls winds into a circling pattern, or vortex. With a core only 30 to 60 mi (48 to 97 km) wide and 1 to 3 mi (1.6 to 4.8 km) deep, an MCV is often overlooked in standard surface observations . [ 7 ]
The mesoscale regime is often divided into these subclasses based on the size of associated weather systems: [6] Meso-alpha (meso-α) – 200–2000 km scale of phenomena like fronts, squall lines, mesoscale convective systems (MCS), tropical cyclones at the smaller edge of synoptic scale. [6]
A mesoscale convective vortex (MCV), also known as a mesoscale vorticity center or Neddy eddy, [9] is a mesocyclone within a mesoscale convective system (MCS) that pulls winds into a circling pattern, or vortex, at the mid levels of the troposphere and is normally associated with anticyclonic outflow aloft, with a region of aeronautically ...
A weather radar image of a mesoscale convective vortex (MCV) over Pennsylvania with a leading squall line. A squall line, or quasi-linear convective system (QLCS), is a line of thunderstorms, often forming along or ahead of a cold front. In the early 20th century, the term was used as a synonym for cold front (which often are accompanied by ...
Organized areas of thunderstorm activity reinforce pre-existing frontal zones, and can outrun cold fronts.The resultant mesoscale convective system (MCS) often forms at the point of the strongest divergence of the upper-level flow, and new storm cells are developed in the area with the greatest low-level inflow.
A multicellular storm can sometimes develop into a mesoscale convective system (MCS) or be a squall line. Updrafts reform new cells continually at the leading edge of system with rain and hail following behind.