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Pit bull–type dog wearing a muzzle. In law, breed-specific legislation (BSL) is a type of law that prohibits or restricts particular breeds or types of dog. [1] Such laws range from outright bans on the possession of these dogs, to restrictions and conditions on ownership, and often establishes a legal presumption that such dogs are dangerous or vicious to prevent dog attacks.
After a series of eleven dog attacks in 1991, [3] Home Secretary Kenneth Baker promised "to rid the country of the menace of these fighting dogs". [4] The Act has been controversial for failing to stem the rise of dog attacks [5] and for focusing on a dog's breed or looks instead of an individual dog's behaviour. [6] [7]
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Fatal dog attacks in the United Kingdom are usually measured in single figures per year. An increasing number of serious dog attacks (both fatal and non-fatal) was the catalyst for the Dangerous Dogs Act 1991, [1] [2] which ultimately led to four breeds being banned: Pitbull, Japanese Tosa, Dogo Argentino and Fila Brasileiro. [3]
In modern times, cropping is banned in many nations, but is still legal in a limited number of countries. Where permitted, it is seen only in certain breeds of dog, such as pit bull and bull terrier type breeds, the Doberman Pinscher , Schnauzer , Great Dane , Boxer and Cane Corso .
In 2009, Bolivia became the first country to banish animal abuse and harm in circuses. [1] The United States of America is the only country in the world that has banned killing horses for consumption, [citation needed] and India have banned killing cows for consumption in some of its states. [citation needed]
The Šarplaninac is on the list of banned dog breeds in Denmark. [11] The Danish list includes 13 breeds and it is considered controversial, having received criticism from dog owners and several political parties because eight of the 13 breeds have no reports of any incident. Among the eight is Šarplaninac. [12]
Some countries and cities have also banned or restricted certain dog breeds, usually for safety concerns. [254] Toxocara canis (dog roundworm) eggs in dog feces can cause toxocariasis. It is estimated that nearly 14% of people in the United States are infected with Toxocara; about 10,000 cases are reported each year. [255]