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Diagnosis is often based on urine tests, blood tests and the fluid deprivation test. [1] Despite the name, diabetes insipidus is unrelated to diabetes mellitus and the conditions have a distinct mechanism, though both can result in the production of large amounts of urine. [1] Treatment involves drinking sufficient fluids to prevent dehydration ...
Neoplastic conditions - Central diabetes insipidus can result from primary or secondary brain malignancies that affect the hypothalamic-pituitary area; secondary tumors are typically caused by metastasis from lung or breast cancer, leukemia, or lymphoma. [14] Additionally, central diabetes insipidus is seen in myelodysplastic syndrome. [15]
Wolfram syndrome, also called DIDMOAD (diabetes insipidus, diabetes mellitus, optic atrophy, and deafness), is a rare autosomal-recessive genetic disorder that causes childhood-onset diabetes mellitus, optic atrophy, and deafness as well as various other possible disorders including neurodegeneration.
What is diabetes insipidus? You’re no doubt aware of diabetes mellitus, which has type 1 and type 2 variations. It’s a disorder of water balance and control in the body, explains Christopher ...
Differential diagnosis includes nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, neurogenic/central diabetes insipidus and psychogenic polydipsia. They may be differentiated by using the water deprivation test. Recently, lab assays for antidiuretic hormone are available and can aid in diagnosis.
Autoimmune hypophysitis can lead to deficiencies in one or more pituitary hormones, causing central diabetes insipidus if the posterior pituitary gland is affected as well as central adrenal insufficiency and central hypothyroidism if the anterior pituitary gland is affected. [1] The symptoms depend on what part of the pituitary is affected.
Whereas patients with skin and a solitary lymph node involvement generally have a good prognosis. [49] Although there is a general good prognosis for Langerhans cell histiocytosis, approximately 50% of patients with the disease are prone to various complications such as musculoskeletal disability, skin scarring and diabetes insipidus. [49]
The traditional combination of three features are seen in 25% of people with the condition, which usually presents between the ages of two and six; one or both bulging eyes, breakdown of bone (lytic bone lesions often in the skull in a 'punched out' pattern), and diabetes insipidus (excessive thirst and passing urine).