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Battle of Zama Part of the Second Punic War Date 202 BC Location Zama, North Africa (near modern Siliana, Tunisia) 36°17′56″N 9°26′57″E / 36.29889°N 9.44917°E / 36.29889; 9.44917 Result Roman victory Belligerents Rome Carthage Commanders and leaders Publius Cornelius Scipio Hannibal Strength c. 30,000 c. 24,000 infantry c. 6,000 cavalry 40,000 or 50,000 36,000 or 46,000 ...
Scipio Africanus was born as Publius Cornelius Scipio in 236 BC to his then-homonymous father and Pomponia into the family of the Cornelii Scipiones. [2] His family was one of the major still-extant patrician families and had held multiple consulships within living memory: his great-grandfather Lucius Cornelius Scipio Barbatus and grandfather Lucius Cornelius Scipio had both been consuls and ...
In case of defeat, fleeing soldiers could take refuge in their marching camp. [90] After their disaster on the battlefield of Cannae (216 BC), some 17,000 Roman troops (out of a total deployment of over 80,000) escaped death or capture by fleeing to the two marching-camps that the army had established nearby, according to Livy.
Autumn: Siege of Utica – Scipio's siege of Utica in Africa fails. Battle of Crotona – Hannibal fought a drawn battle against the Roman general Sempronius in Southern Italy. 203 BC Battle of Insubria – Romans defeat Carthaginians under Mago Barca in northern Italy. Battle of Utica – Scipio attacks and destroys a Carthaginian-Numidian army.
Facing such a powerful enemy force, Scipio decided to send a detachment under the command of Marcus Junius Silanus to defeat Mago first; Mago’s camp was attacked by surprise by the Roman troops and scattered. Hanno himself was captured. [5] This left Hasdrubal to face Scipio’s forces alone.
Sources have Scipio arriving at Utica that evening to take up his post. He sailed overnight for Carthage and arrived just in time to evacuate Mancinius's hard-pressed force as it was expelled by a Carthaginian counterattack. [55] Scipio moved the Roman main camp back to near Carthage, closely observed by a Carthaginian detachment of 8,000.
Hasdrubal was defeated by Scipio at the Battle of Baecula but managed to retreat with two-thirds of his army intact. Later in 208 BC, Hasdrubal was summoned to join his brother in Italy. He eluded Scipio by crossing the Pyrenees at their western extremity and safely made his way into Gaul in the winter of 208.
Publius Scipio marched to encounter the Carthaginian forces commanded by Hasdrubal and Mago Barca, who had been reinforced by Numidian cavalry commanded by Masinissa. In a battle near Castulo, the Roman forces were defeated and Publius Scipio killed. Immediately after this victory, Hasdrubal hastened to join his army with that of Hasdrubal Barca.