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In pharmacology, an adjuvant is a drug or other substance, or a combination of substances, that is used to increase the efficacy or potency of certain drugs. Specifically, the term can refer to: Adjuvant therapy in cancer management; Analgesic adjuvant in pain management; Immunologic adjuvant in vaccines
Adjuvant therapy, also known as adjunct therapy, adjuvant care, or augmentation therapy, is a therapy that is given in addition to the primary or initial therapy to maximize its effectiveness. The surgeries and complex treatment regimens used in cancer therapy have led the term to be used mainly to describe adjuvant cancer treatments.
In immunology, an adjuvant is a substance that increases or modulates the immune response to a vaccine. [1] The word "adjuvant" comes from the Latin word adiuvare , meaning to help or aid. "An immunologic adjuvant is defined as any substance that acts to accelerate, prolong, or enhance antigen-specific immune responses when used in combination ...
An analgesic adjuvant is a medication that is typically used for indications other than pain control but provides control of pain in some painful diseases. This is often part of multimodal analgesia , where one of the intentions is to minimize the need for opioids.
The adjuvant enhances the immune response to the antigen, stabilizers increase the storage life, and preservatives allow the use of multidose vials. [ 129 ] [ 130 ] Combination vaccines are harder to develop and produce, because of potential incompatibilities and interactions among the antigens and other ingredients involved.
AS03 (for "Adjuvant System 03") is the trade name for a squalene-based immunologic adjuvant used in various vaccine products by GlaxoSmithKline (GSK). It is used, for example, in GSK's A/H1N1 pandemic flu vaccine Pandemrix. It is also in Arepanrix and the Q-pan for H5N1 influenza. [1] A dose of AS03 adjuvant contains [2] 10.69 mg squalene
Adjuvant use generally is accompanied by undesirable side effects of varying severity and duration. Research on new adjuvants focuses on substances which have minimal toxicity while retaining maximum immunostimulation. Investigators should always be aware of potential pain and distress associated with adjuvant use in laboratory animals.
Adjuvant treatment in patients with stage III colon cancer is recommended [2] for 12 cycles, every two weeks. The recommended dose schedule is as follows: Day 1: Oxaliplatin 85 mg/m 2 intravenous (IV) infusion in 250-500 mL D5W and leucovorin 200 mg/m 2 IV infusion in D5W administered concurrently over 120 minutes in separate bags using a Y-line, followed by fluorouracil (5-FU) 400 mg/m 2 IV ...