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Needlefish (family Belonidae) or long toms [2] are piscivorous fishes primarily associated with very shallow marine habitats or the surface of the open sea. Some genera include species found in marine, brackish, and freshwater environments (e.g., Strongylura), while a few genera are confined to freshwater rivers and streams, including Belonion, Potamorrhaphis, and Xenentodon. [3]
Keeltail needlefish are found in the western Atlantic Ocean between North Carolina and Brazil, including the Gulf of Mexico, the Bahamas, and the Caribbean Sea. [6] In the Indian Ocean, they are known off of East Africa, with their range continuing into the Pacific, reaching the Hawaiian Islands and continuing north to the Ogasawara Islands. [7]
The Atlantic needlefish (Strongylura marina) is a common demersal needlefish species common in marinas and other areas with minimal currents.Body very elongated, rounded; extremely elongated jaws form a long beak, with numerous needle-like teeth; rear of the top jaw-bone by being exposed when the mouth is closed.
Strongylura exilis (Girard, 1854) (Californian needlefish) Strongylura fluviatilis (Regan, 1903) Strongylura hubbsi Collette, 1974 (Maya needlefish) Strongylura incisa (Valenciennes, 1846) (reef needlefish) Strongylura krefftii (Günther, 1866) (long tom) Strongylura leiura (Bleeker, 1850) (banded needlefish) Strongylura marina (Walbaum, 1792 ...
While the houndfish has no spines, its dorsal fin has 21–25 soft rays, and its anal fin has 19–22. [2] They are also known to have 80–86 vertebrae. [2] A key way of distinguishing the houndfish from other members of the genus Tylosurus is that the houndfish's teeth point anteriorly when the fish is a juvenile.
The nominate subspecies, S. n. notata, occurs in the Western Central Atlantic around Cuba, Jamaica, Mexico, Belize, and Honduras, and has also been reported from Bermuda.
As a reasonably popular aquarium fish, Xenentodon cancila has been traded under a variety of common names, including needlefish, [3] silver needlefish, [4] Asian freshwater needlefish, [3] needlenose halfbeak, [5] freshwater gar, [5] needlenose gar and numerous others.
The garfish (Belone belone), also known as the garpike, needlefish or sea needle, is a pelagic, oceanodromous needlefish found in brackish and marine waters of the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean, Caribbean, Black, and Baltic Seas.