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Hind Swaraj or Indian Home Rule is a book written by Mahatma Gandhi in 1909. [1] In it he expresses his views on Swaraj, modern civilization, mechanisation, among other matters. [2] In the book, Gandhi repudiates European civilization while expressing loyalty to higher ideals of empire ("moral empire"). [1]
Swarāj ((Svarāja) sva "self", raj "rule") can mean generally self-governance or "self-rule". The term was used synonymously with "home-rule" by Maharishi Dayanand Saraswati and later on by Mahatma Gandhi, [1] but the word usually refers to Gandhi's concept of Indian independence from foreign domination. [2]
The Indian Home Rule movement was a movement in British India on the lines of the Irish Home Rule movement and other home rule movements. The movement lasted around two years between 1916–1918 and is believed to have set the stage for the Indian independence movement under the leadership of Annie Besant and Bal Gangadhar Tilak to the educated ...
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi [c] (2 October 1869 – 30 January 1948) [2] was an Indian lawyer, anti-colonial nationalist, and political ethicist who employed nonviolent resistance to lead the successful campaign for India's independence from British rule.
This is followed by the first Gujarati edition printed in the two issues of Indian Opinion (11 December 1909 and 18 December 1909). Gandhiji translated this into English as Indian Home Rule in 1910, subsequent to the proscription imposed upon the Gujarati edition by the Government of Bombay in March 1910. The English translation is followed by ...
At this point, although Gandhi still remained loyal to Britain and enamored with the ideals of the British constitution, his desire to support an independent home rule became stronger. As time passed, Gandhi became exhausted from his long journey around the country and fell ill with dysentery. He refused conventional treatment and chose to ...
From 1920 onwards, Indians, led by Mahatma Gandhi, were engaged in a nationwide non-cooperation movement.Using non-violent methods of civil disobedience known as Satyagraha, protests were organized by the Indian National Congress to challenge oppressive government regulatory measures such as the Rowlatt Act, with the ultimate goal of attaining Swaraj (home rule).
Popular 1930s poster depicting Gandhi using a charkha to spin cotton and weave cloth, captioned "Concentrate on Charkha and Swadeshi". The Swadeshi movement was a self-sufficiency movement that was part of the Indian independence movement and contributed to the development of Indian nationalism. [1]