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3D printing, or additive manufacturing, is the construction of a three-dimensional object from a CAD model or a digital 3D model. [1] [2] [3] It can be done in a variety of processes in which material is deposited, joined or solidified under computer control, [4] with the material being added together (such as plastics, liquids or powder grains being fused), typically layer by layer.
The United States Air Force has begun to work with 3D printers, and the Israeli Air Force has also purchased a 3D printer to print spare parts. [ 114 ] In 2017, GE Aviation revealed that it had used design for additive manufacturing to create a helicopter engine with 16 parts instead of 900, weighing 40% lighter and being 60% cheaper.
An example of how 3D printing can be included in the design process is automotive design. [19] There, it is necessary to quickly test and verify a prototype to get the design approved for production. The reduced post-processing steps induced by the multi-material 3D printing technology result in a shorter fabrication time.
In the United States, the Hill Air Force base is using 3D printed parts in repair of fighter jets. [76] Higher education has proven to be a major buyer of desktop and professional 3D printers. [77] Significant desktop 3D printer purchases by both K-12 and universities helped sustain a desktop 3D printer market that had problems in 2015–2016. [78]
A 3D printer extruder is a filament feeding mechanism used in many fused filament fabrication (FFF) 3D printers. There are several types of 3D printer extruders. A Bowden extruder is a type of extruder that pushes filament through a long and flexible PTFE (Teflon) tube to the hot end. [1] An alternative type of extruder which is also widely ...
Stereolithography (SLA or SL; also known as vat photopolymerisation, [1] optical fabrication, photo-solidification, or resin printing) is a form of 3D printing technology used for creating models, prototypes, patterns, and production parts in a layer by layer fashion using photochemical processes by which light causes chemical monomers and ...