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Apps created with .NET Framework or .NET run in a software environment known as the Common Language Runtime (CLR), [1] an application virtual machine that provides services such as security, memory management, and exception handling.
Universal C Run Time (UCRT) from Windows 10 onwards become a component part of Windows, so every compiler (either non MS, like GCC or Clang/LLVM) can link against UCRT. Additionally, C/C++ programs using UCRTBASE.DLL need to link against another new DLL, the Visual C++ Runtime.
The .NET Framework creates a type library and special registry entries when a component is registered. It provides a specialized utility (RegAsm.exe, usually located in C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework) that exports the managed types into a type library and registers the managed component as a traditional COM component.
Windows Interface Source Environment (WISE) was a licensing program from Microsoft which allowed developers to recompile and run Windows-based applications on Unix and Macintosh platforms. WISE SDKs were based on an emulator of the Windows API that could run on those platforms. [28]
Platform SDK is the successor of the original Microsoft Windows SDK for Windows 3.1x and Microsoft Win32 SDK for Windows 9x.It was released in 1999 and is the oldest SDK. Platform SDK contains compilers, tools, documentations, header files, libraries and samples needed for software development on IA-32, x64 and IA-64 CPU architectures. .
Side-by-side assembly (SxS, or WinSxS on Microsoft Windows) technology is a standard for executable files in Windows 98 Second Edition, Windows 2000, and later versions of Windows that attempts to alleviate problems (collectively known as "DLL Hell") that arise from the use of dynamic-link libraries (DLLs) in Microsoft Windows.
Dynamic-link library, or DLL, is Microsoft's implementation of the shared library concept in the Microsoft Windows and OS/2 operating systems.These libraries usually have the file extension DLL, OCX (for libraries containing ActiveX controls), or DRV (for legacy system drivers).
The Common Language Runtime (CLR), the virtual machine component of Microsoft.NET Framework, manages the execution of .NET programs. Just-in-time compilation converts the managed code (compiled intermediate language code) into machine instructions which are then executed on the CPU of the computer. [1]