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Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a decline in cognitive function (especially in memory and executive functions) that may last from 1–12 months after surgery, or longer. [1] In some cases, this disorder may persist for several years after major surgery. [2] POCD is distinct from emergence delirium.
Geriatric trauma refers to a traumatic injury that occurs to an elderly person. People around the world are living longer than ever. In developed and underdeveloped countries, the pace of population aging is increasing. By 2050, the world's population aged 60 years and older is expected to total 2 billion, up from 900 million in 2015. [1]
Psychiatry, neurology, neuropsychology. Post-traumatic amnesia (PTA) is a state of confusion that occurs immediately following a traumatic brain injury (TBI) in which the injured person is disoriented and unable to remember events that occur after the injury. [1] The person may be unable to state their name, where they are, and what time it is. [1]
Psychological trauma in adults who are older (usually more than 60 years), [1] is the overall prevalence and occurrence of trauma symptoms within the older adult population. (The term psychological trauma is sometimes hereinafter referred to as trauma). This should not be confused with geriatric trauma. Although there is a 90% likelihood of an ...
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a neurodegenerative disease linked to repeated trauma to the head. The encephalopathy symptoms can include behavioral problems, mood problems, and problems with thinking. [1][4] The disease often gets worse over time and can result in dementia. [2]
Trauma surgery is a surgical specialty that utilizes both operative and non-operative management to treat traumatic injuries, typically in an acute setting. Trauma surgeons generally complete residency training in general surgery [1][2] and often fellowship training in trauma or surgical critical care. The trauma surgeon is responsible for ...
In neurology, retrograde amnesia (RA) is the inability to access memories or information from before an injury or disease occurred. [1] RA differs from a similar condition called anterograde amnesia (AA), which is the inability to form new memories following injury or disease onset. [2] Although an individual can have both RA and AA at the same ...
In TBI, primary injuries result immediately from the initial trauma. [6] Primary injury occurs at the moment of trauma and includes contusion, damage to blood vessels, and axonal shearing, in which the axons of neurons are stretched and torn. [1] The blood brain barrier and meninges may be damaged in the primary injury, and neurons may die. [7]