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Anti-streptolysin O (ASO or ASLO) is the antibody made against streptolysin O, an immunogenic, oxygen-labile streptococcal hemolytic exotoxin produced by most strains of group A and many strains of groups C and G Streptococcus bacteria. The "O" in the name stands for oxygen-labile; the other related toxin being oxygen-stable streptolysin-S. The ...
Streptolysin O is an oxygen-sensitive cytotoxin secreted by most Group A streptococcus (GAS) and Streptococcus dysgalactiae; it interacts with cholesterol in the membrane of eukaryotic cells (mainly red and white blood cells, macrophages, and platelets), usually resulting in β-hemolysis under the surface of blood agar. Streptolysin S is an ...
Streptolysin O (SLO; slo), is a bacterial toxin that has four protein domains which is known to make the plasma membranes in animal cells permeable. It does this by creating pore complexes within the membrane by first binding a monomer to the cholesterol found in the target membrane and then forming an oligomeric transmembrane pore. [6]
Streptolysin O is an oxygen-sensitive cytotoxin, secreted by most group A Streptococcus (GAS), and interacts with cholesterol in the membrane of eukaryotic cells (mainly red and white blood cells, macrophages, and platelets), and usually results in beta-hemolysis under the surface of blood agar. Streptolysin S is an oxygen-stable cytotoxin also ...
Hemolysis by Streptococcus seen on a plate. Not only are the erythrocytes affected by hemolysins, but there are also some effects among other blood cells, such as leucocytes (white blood cells). Escherichia coli hemolysin is potentially cytotoxic to monocytes, lymphocytes and macrophages, leading them to autolysis and death. [citation needed]
However, both Streptococcus dysgalactiae and the Streptococcus anginosus group can possess group A antigen as well. Group A streptococci, when grown on blood agar, typically produce small (2–3 mm) zones of beta-hemolysis, a complete destruction of red blood cells. The name group A (beta-hemolytic) Streptococcus is thus also used. [1]
This group is referred to as alpha-hemolysis because the cell membrane of red blood cells is left intact. [2] When cultured, alpha-hemolysis can be deemed present when the agar gel appears greenish. [2] Identifying and diagnosing alpha-hemolytic Streptococcus is done with a sputum gram stain and culture test. [5]
Blood is normally sterile. [1] The presence of bacteria in the blood is termed bacteremia, and the presence of fungi is called fungemia. [2] Minor damage to the skin [3] or mucous membranes, which can occur in situations like toothbrushing or defecation, [4] [5] can introduce bacteria into the bloodstream, but this bacteremia is normally transient and is rarely detected in cultures because the ...