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The painting Germania, possibly by Philipp Veit, hung inside the Frankfurt parliament, the first national parliament in German history. The German revolutions of 1848–1849 (German: Deutsche Revolution 1848/1849), the opening phase of which was also called the March Revolution (German: Märzrevolution), were initially part of the Revolutions of 1848 that broke out in many European countries.
The German revolution of 1918–1919, also known as the November Revolution (German: Novemberrevolution), was an uprising started by workers and soldiers in the final days of World War I. It quickly and almost bloodlessly brought down the German Empire , then, in its more violent second stage, the supporters of a parliamentary republic were ...
Map of Europe in 1848–1849 depicting the main revolutionary centres, important counter-revolutionary troop movements and states with abdications The revolutions arose from such a wide variety of causes that it is difficult to view them as resulting from a coherent movement or set of social phenomena.
The Southern states joined the federal state in 1870/71, which was consequently renamed the German Empire (1871–1918). The state continued as the Weimar Republic (1919–1933). Present-day Germany is a federal republic which combines the States of Germany.
Lenin saw the success of the potential German revolution as being able to end the economic isolation of the newly formed Soviet Russia. [8] Despite ambitions for world revolution, supporters of Socialism in one country led by Joseph Stalin came to power in the soviet state, instituted bolshevization of the Comintern, and abolished it in 1943. [9]
An account described the German experience as less concerned with national issues, although it succeeded in breaking down class barriers. [23] There was a previously prevalent view that there was only one revolutionary event in Germany but recent scholarship pointed to a fragmented picture of several revolutions happening at the same time. [24]
An Encyclopedia of World History (5th ed. 1973); highly detailed outline of events online free; Morris, Richard B. and Graham W. Irwin, eds. Harper Encyclopedia of the Modern World: A Concise Reference History from 1760 to the Present (1970) online; George Henry Townsend (1867), "Germany", A Manual of Dates (2nd ed.), London: Frederick Warne & Co.
The roots of the republic lay in the German Empire's defeat in the First World War and the ensuing German Revolution of 1918–1919.In September 1917, the Bavarian Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD), which rejected revolutionary efforts in Bavaria, had submitted a corresponding motion (Auer-Süssheim-Antrag) to the Bavarian Landtag, which contained the main demands of the Bavarian SPD ...