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[9] [10] The Pandya dynasty is the longest ruling dynasty in the world. [11] [12] The rulers of the three Tamil dynasties were referred to as the "three crowned rulers (the mu-ventar) of the Tamil Region" [8] [13] in the southern part of India. The origin and the timeline of the Pandya dynasty are difficult to establish. [10]
The Three Crowned Kings, [a] were the triumvirate of Chera, Chola and Pandya who dominated the politics of the ancient Tamil country, Tamilakam, from their three Nadu (countries) of Chola Nadu, Pandya Nadu (present day Madurai and Tirunelveli) and Chera Nadu (present day Kerala and some parts of Tamilnadu) in southern India.
The Early Pandyas of the Sangam period were one of the three main kingdoms of the Tamilakam (southern India), the other two being the Cholas, and Cheras dynasty. As with many other kingdoms around this period (earlier than 200 BCE), most of the information about the Early Pandyas come to modern historians mainly through literary sources and some epigraphic, archaeological and numismatic evidence.
The city of Thanjavur. Vijayalaya, a descendant of the Early Cholas, reestablished resp. founded the Chola empire in 848 CE. [10] Vijayalaya took an opportunity arising out of a conflict between the Pandya and Pallava empires in c. 850, captured Thanjavur from Muttarayar, and established the imperial line of the medieval Chola dynasty.
The Pandya dynasty, also referred to as the Pandyas of Madurai, was an ancient dynasty of South India, and among the three great kingdoms of Tamilakam, the other two being the Cholas and the Cheras. Extant since at least the 4th to 3rd centuries BCE, the dynasty passed through two periods of imperial dominance, the 6th to 10th centuries CE, and ...
An obscure dynasty, the Kalabhras invaded Tamil country, displaced the existing kingdoms and ruled during that time. [24] [25] [26] They were displaced by the Pallava dynasty and the Pandyan dynasty in the 6th century. [18] [27] Little is known of the fate of the Cholas in Tamil land during the succeeding three centuries.
The head of the government was the king, a hereditary monarch, who ruled with unaided discretion. [1] The ascension to the throne was normally hereditary, sometimes through usurpation and occasionally based on unusual methods of choosing a king such as sending out the royal elephant to select a person of its choice by garlanding them.
Jayantavarman (r. c. 654–670 CE), known in Tamil as Seliyan Sendan,(Tamil:செழியன் சேந்தன்) was a Pandya ruler of early historic south India. He is best known for extending the Pandya rule to the Chera country . [1] He was succeeded by his son Maravarman Arikesari Parankusan. [2]