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  2. Lipopolysaccharide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipopolysaccharide

    Lipopolysaccharides can have substantial impacts on human health, primarily through interactions with the immune system. LPS is a potent activator of the immune system and is a pyrogen (agent that causes fever). [4] In severe cases, LPS can trigger a brisk host response and multiple types of acute organ failure [5] which can lead to septic ...

  3. Lipopolysaccharide binding protein - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipopolysaccharide_binding...

    Lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LBP gene. [5] [6]LBP is a soluble acute-phase protein that binds to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (or LPS) to elicit immune responses by presenting the LPS to important cell surface pattern recognition receptors called CD14 and TLR4.

  4. CD14 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD14

    CD14 (cluster of differentiation 14) is a human protein made mostly by macrophages as part of the innate immune system. [5] [6] It helps to detect bacteria in the body by binding lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP).

  5. Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacteroides_thetaiotaomicron

    Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron is a common bacterium in the human gut microbiome that has evolved alongside humans to support digestion and general health. Over time, this bacterium developed the ability to break down complex carbohydrates into simple sugars, which helps the host species get more energy from the food it eats.

  6. Gut-associated lymphoid tissue - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gut-associated_lymphoid_tissue

    Gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) [1] is a component of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) which works in the immune system to protect the body from invasion in the gut. Owing to its physiological function in food absorption, the mucosal surface is thin and acts as a permeable barrier to the interior of the body.

  7. Mucosal immunology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mucosal_immunology

    Mucosal immunology is the study of immune system responses that occur at mucosal membranes of the intestines, the urogenital tract, and the respiratory system. [1] The mucous membranes are in constant contact with microorganisms , food, and inhaled antigens . [ 2 ]

  8. Microplastics found in the human brain - AOL

    www.aol.com/news/microplastics-found-human-brain...

    In total, the researchers found 16 plastic fibers and particles in the tissues. The smallest were slimmer than the diameter of a human red blood cell, which measures about 8 micrometers. The most ...

  9. Lipid A - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipid_A

    Chemical structure of lipid A as found in E. coli [1]. Lipid A is a lipid component of an endotoxin held responsible for the toxicity of gram-negative bacteria.It is the innermost of the three regions of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS), also called endotoxin molecule, and its hydrophobic nature allows it to anchor the LPS to the outer membrane. [2]