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e. A troubadour (English: / ˈtruːbədʊər, - dɔːr /, French: [tʁubaduʁ] ⓘ; Occitan: trobador [tɾuβaˈðu] ⓘ) was a composer and performer of Old Occitan lyric poetry during the High Middle Ages (1100–1350). Since the word troubadour is etymologically masculine, a female equivalent is usually called a trobairitz.
Trouvère (/ truːˈvɛər /, French: [tʁuvɛʁ]), sometimes spelled trouveur (/ truːˈvɜːr /, French: [tʁuvœʁ]), is the Northern French (langue d'oïl) form of the langue d'oc (Occitan) word trobador, the precursor of the modern French word troubadour. Trouvère refers to poet-composers who were roughly contemporary with and influenced ...
The Occitan or Provençal poets were called troubadours, from the word "trobar" (to find, to invent). Lyric poets in Old French are called "trouvères", using the Old French version of the word (for more information on the "trouvères", their poetic forms, extant works and their social status, see the article of that name).
The trobairitz (Occitan pronunciation: [tɾuβajˈɾits]) were Occitan female troubadours of the 12th and 13th centuries, active from around 1170 to approximately 1260. [1] Trobairitz is both singular and plural. [2] The word trobairitz is first attested in the 13th-century romance Flamenca. [3] It comes from the Provençal word trobar, the ...
Gautier de Dargies (ca. 1170 – ca. 1240) [1] was a trouvère from Dargies. He was one of the most prolific of the early trouvères; possibly twenty-five of his lyrics survive, twenty-two with accompanying melodies, in sixteen separate chansonniers. He was a major influence on contemporary and later trouvères, and one of the most recorded of ...
A song of Martim Codax from the Pergaminho Vindel. In the Middle Ages, the Galician-Portuguese lyric, also known as trovadorismo in Portugal and trobadorismo in Galicia, was a lyric poetic school or movement. All told, there are around 1680 texts in the so-called secular lyric or lírica profana (see Cantigas de Santa Maria for the religious ...
This is a list of troubadours and trobairitz, men and women who are known to have composed lyric verse in the Old Occitan language. They are listed alphabetically by first name. Those whose first name is uncertain or unknown are listed by nickname or title, ignoring any initial definite article (i.e., lo , la ).
Arnaut Daniel (Occitan: [aɾˈnawd daniˈɛl]; fl. 1180–1200) [1] was an Occitan troubadour of the 12th century, praised by Dante as "the best smith" (miglior fabbro) and called a "grand master of love" (gran maestro d'amore) by Petrarch. [2] In the 20th century he was lauded by Ezra Pound in The Spirit of Romance (1910) as the greatest poet ...