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The Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (GYE) is one of the last remaining large, nearly intact ecosystems in the northern temperate zone of the Earth. [1] It is located within the northern Rocky Mountains , in areas of northwestern Wyoming , southwestern Montana , and eastern Idaho , and is about 22 million acres (89,000 km 2 ). [ 2 ]
Yellowstone Lake supports the largest inland population of cutthroat trout in the world, and is the core of the remaining undisturbed habitat for native Yellowstone cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki bouvieri) in the Yellowstone ecosystem.
The Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem is a uniquely large contiguous ecosystem of the northern Rocky Mountains, within areas of Montana, Wyoming, and Idaho in the northwestern United States. It includes the Yellowstone Caldera region, and is protected within 2 U.S. National Parks, 5 U.S. National Forests, and 10 Wilderness Areas.
Yellowstone National Park is the centerpiece of the 20 million acres (80,940 km 2; 31,250 sq mi) Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, a region that includes Grand Teton National Park, adjacent National Forests and expansive wilderness areas in those forests.
The history of wolves in Yellowstone includes the extirpation, absence and reintroduction of wild populations of the gray wolf (Canis lupus) to Yellowstone National Park and the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. When the park was created in 1872, wolf populations were already in decline in Montana, Wyoming and Idaho.
A bull elk grazes in Gibbon Meadows in the west-central portion of the park. An elk grazes with a bison in the park. There are at least 67 species of mammals known to live within Yellowstone National Park, a 2,219,791 acres (898,318 ha) [1] protected area in the Rocky Mountains of Wyoming, Montana, and Idaho.
Yellowstone National Forest was first established by the United States General Land Office on March 30, 1891 as the Yellowstone Park Timber Land Reserve of 1,239,040 acres (5,014.2 km 2). On May 22, 1902 it became the Yellowstone Forest Reserve with lands of 6,580,920 acres (26,632.0 km 2 ).
The Yellowstone bison herd was the last free-ranging bison herd in the United States being the only place where bison were not extirpated. [8] The Yellowstone bison herd is descended from a remnant population of 23 individual bison that survived the mass slaughter of the 19th century in the Pelican Valley of Yellowstone Park.