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  2. The Last Messiah - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Last_Messiah

    The Last Messiah" (Norwegian: "Den sidste Messias") is a 1933 essay by the Norwegian philosopher Peter Wessel Zapffe. One of his most significant works, this approximately 10 pages long essay would later be expanded upon in Zapffe’s book, On the Tragic, and, as a theory describes a reinterpretation of Friedrich Nietzsche's Übermensch.

  3. Peter Wessel Zapffe - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Wessel_Zapffe

    Peter Wessel Zapffe (/ ˈ z æ p f ə /; Norwegian: [ˈsɑ̂pfə] 18 December 1899 – 12 October 1990) was a Norwegian philosopher, author, artist, lawyer and mountaineer. He is often noted for his philosophically pessimistic and fatalistic view of human existence . [ 2 ]

  4. Existential nihilism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Existential_nihilism

    Peter Wessel Zapffe's view is that humans are born with an overdeveloped skill (understanding, self-knowledge) which does not fit into nature's design. The human craving for justification on matters such as life and death cannot be satisfied, hence humanity has a need that nature cannot satisfy. The tragedy, following this theory, is that ...

  5. OpenAirPhilosophy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenAirPhilosophy

    OpenAirPhilosophy is a project presenting a selection of the work in environmental philosophy of Norwegian philosophers Arne Naess, Sigmund Kvaløy Setreng, and Peter Wessel Zapffe. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The project promotes the inherent worth of living beings regardless of their instrumental utility to human needs, as well as looking at restructuring ...

  6. History of philosophical pessimism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_philosophical...

    Peter Wessel Zapffe argued that evolution bestowed humans with a surplus of consciousness which allowed them to contemplate their place in the cosmos and yearn for justice and meaning together with freedom from suffering and death, while simultaneously being aware that nature or reality itself cannot satisfy those deep longings and spiritual ...

  7. List of existentialists - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_existentialists

    Peter Wessel Zapffe: December 18, 1899 – October 12, 1990 Norway Philosopher Founded biosophy: Muhammad Iqbal [3] November 9, 1877 – 21 April 1938 Pakistan Philosopher, writer, poet, politician National Poet of Pakistan Zachary A. Behlok: October 3, 1996 – Present United States Philosopher Also associated with Sociology

  8. List of philosophical pessimists - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_philosophical...

    Peter Wessel Zapffe [26] [27] [5] 18 December 1899: 12 October 1990: Norwegian Ray Brassier [28] 22 December 1965 — British References This page was last edited on ...

  9. Philosophical pessimism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophical_pessimism

    Similarly, Peter Wessel Zapffe, a Nowergian philosopher from the 20th century, articulates a profound sense of existential despair rooted in the nature of human interests and the limitations of our earthly existence. In his work On the Tragic, Zapffe categorizes human interests into four types: biological, social, autotelic, and metaphysical ...