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CAMP test is shown at bottom left. The CAMP test (Christie–Atkins–Munch-Petersen) is a test to identify group B β-hemolytic streptococci (Streptococcus agalactiae) [1] [2] based on their formation of a substance, CAMP factor, [3] that enlarges the area of hemolysis formed by the β-hemolysin elaborated from Staphylococcus aureus.
[6] [12] [13] Nevertheless, GBS-like colonies that develop in chromogenic media should be confirmed as GBS using additional reliable tests (e.g.latex agglutination or the CAMP test) to avoid potential misidentification. [6] [8] A summary of the laboratory techniques for GBS identification is depicted in Ref. [6]
[8] [9] The CAMP test is also another important test for identification of GBS. The CAMP factor produced by GBS acts synergistically with the staphylococcal β-hemolysin inducing enhanced hemolysis of sheep or bovine erythrocytes. [8] GBS is also able to hydrolyze hippurate and this test can also be used to identify presumptively GBS. [8]
This phenomenon is the mechanism behind the CAMP test, [2] a test that was historically used for the identification of Streptococcus agalactiae and Listeria monocytogenes. [3] A modified version of this test called the reverse CAMP test, utilizing S. agalactiae instead of S. aureus, can also be used to identify Clostridium perfringens.
Streptococcus pyogenes, or GAS, displays beta hemolysis. Some weakly beta-hemolytic species cause intense hemolysis when grown together with a strain of Staphylococcus. This is called the CAMP test. Streptococcus agalactiae displays this property. Clostridium perfringens can be identified presumptively with this test.
The reverse CAMP test utilizes the synergetic hemolytic abilities of the CAMP factor produced by Streptococcus agalactiae with the α-toxin produced by Clostridium perfringens. Streaking these two organisms perpendicular to each other on a blood agar plate will yield a “bow-tie” clearing of the blood agar by the hemolytic capabilities of ...
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Identification into subgroups can be done by the Lancefield antigen-determination test which uses antibodies to distinguish B-hemolytic streptococci into different species. [ 2 ] [ 7 ] An additional method used to identify B-hemolytic streptococci is the PYR test, which is primarily used in distinguishing S. pyogenes from other B-hemolytic ...