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Cross-Harbour Tunnel was completely suspended during protest in November 2019. The Hong Kong government used the operator model "Build Operate Transfer", or "BOT", for the implementation of the tunnel project; Financing and construction was the responsibility of a private enterprise, which was granted a concession to operate and collect tolls for 30 years.
The excavation of the tunnel began in November 2002. The project was undertaken by the Civil Engineering and Development Department (CEDD) in Hong Kong. The project included: Site formation, drainage, geotechnical and landscape works for the toll plaza (toll plaza completed in 2004) 0.9 km of three-lane twin-bore tunnel underneath Sha Tin Heights
Traffic congestion has emerged as a significant socioeconomic issue in Hong Kong. In 2021, cross-harbour traffic during peak hours has been confirmed to exceed 26% of the total capacity of the three tunnels, and it takes drivers up to 25 minutes on average to pass through the Cross-Harbour Tunnel during the morning rush hour, a full three times higher than during the smooth traffic periods ...
The Cross-Harbour Tunnel opened in 1972. due to the ever increasing population in Hong Kong and improving prosperity made the construction of further tunnels a necessity. The harbour crossing ferry services continued on until 1998 when Hongkong and Yaumati Ferry ceased to operate these ferry services.
Major bridges in Hong Kong Name Year opened Length (m) Franchise expiry Owner/operator Toll Daily traffic Daily capacity Tsing Ma Bridge: 1997: 1,377 Hong Kong Government / TIML MOM Limited: No: 94,185 (as of Aug 2019) Kap Shui Mun Bridge: 1997: 1,323 Hong Kong Government / TIML MOM Limited: No Ting Kau Bridge: 1998: 1,177 Hong Kong Government ...
Rail tunnel for Bay Area Rapid Transit. Connects Oakland to San Francisco. It is the longest underwater tunnel in North America: 5.8 km: 41 m: 1965–1969 Cross-Harbour Tunnel: Hong Kong: A busy road tunnel in Hong Kong: 1.86 km: 1969–1972 Elbe Tunnel (1975) Hamburg, Germany: 8-lane road tunnel crossing the Elbe River in Hamburg: 3.3 km: 1968 ...
It was constructed by the Western Harbour Tunnel Company Limited (WHTCL), which also operated the tunnel from 1993 to 2023 under a build-operate-transfer (BOT) on a 30-year franchise contract with the Hong Kong government. The tunnel is the first three-lane road tunnel in Asia to be constructed using submerged pipe.
Initially, the Government of Hong Kong had plans to build a bridge across the eastern portion of the harbour but due to fears of the bridge blocking planes landing at Kai Tak airport, this was shelved in favour of a tunnel. [3] In 1986, the New Hong Kong Tunnel Company Limited won the bidding for this contract, and was given the right to run ...