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  2. Jakarta Charter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jakarta_Charter

    The Jakarta Charter (Indonesian: Piagam Jakarta) was a document drawn up by members of the Indonesian Investigating Committee for Preparatory Work for Independence (BPUPK) on 22 June 1945 in Jakarta that later formed the basis of the preamble to the Constitution of Indonesia. The document contained the five principles of the Pancasila ideology ...

  3. Pancasila (politics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pancasila_(politics)

    Pancasila. (politics) A depiction of the Garuda Pancasila on a poster; each tenet of the Pancasila is written beside its symbol. Pancasila (Indonesian: [pantʃaˈsila] ⓘ) is the official, foundational philosophical theory of Indonesia. The name is made from two words originally derived from Sanskrit: " pañca " ("five") and " śīla ...

  4. Bhinneka Tunggal Ika - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhinneka_Tunggal_Ika

    Bhinneka Tunggal Ika. Bhinneka Tunggal Ika is the official national motto of Indonesia. It is inscribed in the national emblem of Indonesia, the Garuda Pancasila, written on the scroll gripped by the Garuda 's claws. The phrase comes from Old Javanese, meaning " Unity in Diversity," and is enshrined in article 36A of the Constitution of Indonesia.

  5. Asas tunggal Pancasila - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asas_tunggal_Pancasila

    The five tenets of Pancasila. Single principle of Pancasila (Asas tunggal Pancasila) was a policy enacted by the New Order regime under President Soeharto starting 1983 compelling political parties and public organisations to declare the national ideology of " Pancasila, as their one and only ideological basis ". [nb 1]

  6. Religion in Indonesia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion_in_Indonesia

    OL 4602999M. The statistical data on religion show that Islam has the highest percentage of adherents with about 87.1 per cent of the population of Indonesia (National Socio Economic Survey, 1969). The second biggest religion in Indonesia is Protestant (5.2%), while Catholic is the third (2.5%).

  7. Sukarno - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sukarno

    Sukarno[d] (/ suːˈkɑːrnoʊ / soo-KAR-noh, [4] Indonesian: [suˈkarno]; born Koesno Sosrodihardjo, Javanese: [ˈkʊs.nɔ sɔ.srɔ.di.har.dʒɔ], 6 June 1901 – 21 June 1970) [5] was an Indonesian statesman, orator, revolutionary, and nationalist who was the first president of Indonesia, serving from 1945 to 1967. Sukarno was the leader of ...

  8. History of Islam - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Islam

    Unlike contemporary scholarship, which relied on traditions and historical narratives from early Islam, Ibn Taymiyya's methodology was a mixture of the selective use of hadith and a literal understanding of the Quran. [225] [226] He rejected most philosophical approaches to Islam and proposed a clear, simple and dogmatic theology instead. [225]

  9. Majid Fakhry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majid_Fakhry

    Majid Fakhry was born in 1923 in Lebanon. After earning his bachelor's and master's degrees from the American University of Beirut, Fakhry received his Ph.D. in philosophy from University of Edinburgh in 1949. He taught at the London School of Oriental Studies, UCLA, Princeton University, and Georgetown University, where he spent his final ...