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Dynamic viscosity is a material property which describes the resistance of a fluid to shearing flows. It corresponds roughly to the intuitive notion of a fluid's 'thickness'. For instance, honey has a much higher viscosity than water. Viscosity is measured using a viscometer. Measured values span several orders of magnitude.
In physics and chemistry, a non-Newtonian fluid is a fluid that does not follow Newton's law of viscosity, that is, it has variable viscosity dependent on stress. In particular, the viscosity of non-Newtonian fluids can change when subjected to force. Ketchup, for example
His hypothesis establishes that for fluids of low viscosity, shear forces due to viscosity are evident only in thin regions at the boundary of the fluid, adjacent to solid surfaces. Outside these regions, and in regions of favorable pressure gradient, viscous shear forces are absent so the fluid flow field can be assumed to be the same as the ...
Trouton's ratio is the ratio of extensional viscosity to shear viscosity. For a Newtonian fluid, the Trouton ratio is 3. [21] [22] Shear-thinning liquids are very commonly, but misleadingly, described as thixotropic. [23] Viscosity may also depend on the fluid's physical state (temperature and pressure) and other, external, factors.
At low shear rates, the shear is too low to be impeded by entanglements and the viscosity value of the system is η 0, or the zero shear rate viscosity. The value of η ∞ represents the lowest viscosity attainable and may be orders of magnitude lower than η 0 , depending on the degree of shear thinning.
MÄnuka honey is an example of a thixotropic material.. Thixotropy is a time-dependent shear thinning property. Certain gels or fluids that are thick or viscous under static conditions will flow (become thinner, less viscous) over time when shaken, agitated, shear-stressed, or otherwise stressed (time-dependent viscosity).