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The Internal Affairs Service (IAS) of the Philippine National Police (PNP) which investigates infractions allegedly committed by the members of the PNP. [2] It was created pursuant to Republic Act (RA) 8551 otherwise known as "The PNP Reform and Reorganization Act of 1998", [1] and is tasked to instill police discipline, enhance the delivery of police service and dispense justice.
Until January 1991, the Philippines did not have a civilian national police force, and instead had the Philippine Constabulary under the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) and city and municipal police organized under the Integrated National Police, [1] which was likewise nationalized and integrated under the command of the military under martial law in 1975.
AmBisyon Natin 2040 (literally "Our Ambition 2040") is the twenty-five-year long term vision developed by the Philippine government as a guide for development planning. [1] [2] It is designed to overcome the challenges brought by the Philippines' current political system, which is bound to the limits of the country's six-year presidential terms. [3]
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The Spanish–American war reached the Philippines on May 1 with the Battle of Manila Bay. The Katipunan under Emilio Aguinaldo proclaimed the independence of the Philippines on June 12, 1898. [117] Aguinaldo proclaimed a revolutionary government, and convened a congress that approved the Malolos Constitution, inaugurating the First Philippine ...
Term Description Examples Autocracy: Autocracy is a system of government in which supreme power (social and political) is concentrated in the hands of one person or polity, whose decisions are subject to neither external legal restraints nor regularized mechanisms of popular control (except perhaps for the implicit threat of a coup d'état or mass insurrection).
The Department of National Defense or DND was formally organised on November 1, 1939, pursuant to Executive Order No. 230 [3] of President Manuel L. Quezon to implement Commonwealth Act No. 1 or the National Defense Act of 1935 passed by the National Assembly on December 31, 1935, [4] and Commonwealth Act No. 340 creating the department.
About two weeks before the rally, the Office of the President released Memorandum Circular No. 42, "directing" all national government agencies to "attend, participate, and provide full support to the 'Bagong Pilipinas' official campaign kickoff rally". Each line agency was ordered to send at least 1,000 participants, and several agencies also ...