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Two main hemotoxic effects are caused by rattlesnake venom. First, zinc-containing metalloproteases act upon capillary endothelial cells to inhibit platelet aggregation and hemorrhage. [ 14 ] Second, the platelet antagonist crotalin creates a severe bleeding effect as it binds to the surface proteins, blocking aggregation.
Crotalus oreganus. Crotalus oreganus, commonly known as the Western rattlesnake or northern Pacific rattlesnake, [4][5] is a venomous pit viper species found in western North America from the Baja California Peninsula to the southern interior of British Columbia.
Crotalus scutulatus is known commonly as the Mohave Rattlesnake. [3] [4] Other common English names include Mojave Rattlesnake [5] [6] and, referring specifically to the nominate (northern) subspecies: Northern Mohave Rattlesnake [4] and Mojave Green Rattlesnake, [7] [5] the latter name commonly shortened to the more colloquial “Mojave green”. [8]
Crotalus helleri or Crotalus oreganus helleri, also known commonly as the Southern Pacific rattlesnake, [3] the black diamond rattlesnake, [4] and by several other common names, is a pit viper species [5] or subspecies [3] found in southwestern California and south into Baja California, Mexico, that is known for its regional variety of dangerous venom types.
Rattlesnake venom is a mixture of five to fifteen enzymes, various metal ions, biogenic amines, lipids, free amino acids, proteins, and polypeptides. More specifically, there are three main families of toxins in rattlesnakes: phospholipases A2 (PLA2s), snake venom metalloproteinases (SVMPs), and snake venom serine proteinases (SVSPs). [47]
A California family was left rattled when they were charged nearly $300,000 in medical bills after a rattlesnake sank its venomous fangs into their 2-year-old son’s right hand – requiring ...
Another problem lies in the fact it can deliver 400-700 mg of venom in its bite, compared to 200-300 mg in the western diamondback rattlesnake, so its venom can lead to death.
The black-tailed rattlesnake is found in the southwestern United States in Arizona, New Mexico and west and central Texas, and Mexico as far south as Oaxaca. Also it is found in the Gulf of California on San Estéban and Tiburón Islands. Its distribution reaches a maximum elevation of 2930 m, although it has been recorded at as high as 6900 ...