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The oldest evidence of human occupation in Costa Rica is associated with the arrival of groups of hunter-gatherers about 10,000 to 19,000 years BC, with ancient archaeological evidence (stone tool making) located in the Turrialba Valley, at sites called Guardiria and Florence, with matching quarry and workshop areas with presence of type clovis spearheads and South American inspired arrows.
Seven of the Costa Rican species are considered endemic, and 19 are globally threatened. Costa Rica's birds range in size from the scintillant hummingbird, at 2.2 grams and 6 cm (2.4 in), to the huge jabiru, at 6.5 kg (14.3 lb) and 150 cm (60 in) (the American white pelican is heavier, but is an accidental species).
Costa Rica has made conservation a national priority, and has been at the forefront of preserving its natural environment with 28% of its land protected in the form of national parks, reserves, and wildlife refuges, which is under the administrative control of SINAC (National System of Conservation Areas) [3] a division of MINAE (Ministry of ...
Alberto Manuel Brenes Biological Reserve is a nature reserve in the central part of Costa Rica. It is part of the Central Conservation Area; which protects tropical forest area near San Ramon. The reserve operates under the direction of the University of Costa Rica and the Ministry of Environment and Energy (MINAE).
Around 600 aboriginal people live on the reserve, making this the smallest tribe in Costa Rica, [2] but outsiders have come into the community as well. Before the Spanish settlement , their territory extended as far west as Rincon de la Vieja , and included the volcano Arenal to the south and Rio Celeste as sacred sites.
Coffee production played a key role in Costa Rica's history and in 2006, was the third cash crop export. [79] As a small country, Costa Rica now provides under 1% of the world's coffee production. [42] In 2015, the value of coffee exports was US$305.9 million, a small part of the total agricultural exports of US$2.7 billion. [78]
View of INBioparque's lake. The Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INBio) is the national institute for biodiversity and conservation in Costa Rica.Created at the end of the 1980s, and despite having national status, it is a privately run institution that works closely with various government agencies, universities, business sector and other public and private entities inside and outside of ...
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