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Secure Shell (SSH) is a protocol allowing secure remote login to a computer on a network using public-key cryptography.SSH client programs (such as ssh from OpenSSH) typically run for the duration of a remote login session and are configured to look for the user's private key in a file in the user's home directory (e.g., .ssh/id_rsa).
The OpenSSH server can authenticate users using the standard methods supported by the SSH protocol: with a password; public-key authentication, using per-user keys; host-based authentication, which is a secure version of rlogin 's host trust relationships using public keys; keyboard-interactive, a generic challenge–response mechanism, which ...
SSH operates as a layered protocol suite comprising three principal hierarchical components: the transport layer provides server authentication, confidentiality, and integrity; the user authentication protocol validates the user to the server; and the connection protocol multiplexes the encrypted tunnel into multiple logical communication channels.
Server-side terminal emulation keeps track of the terminal screen and state in memory and converts it to HTML when a screen update occurs or when the client requests an update. This method has the advantage of keeping the state of the terminal persistent even if the user connects to their existing session from a different web browser, but it ...
The scp program is the secure analog of the rcp command. The scp program must be part of all SSH servers that want to provide SCP service, as scp functions as SCP server too. Since OpenSSH 9.0, the program has been updated to use the newer, more secure SFTP protocol; an -O option is added for using SCP with old SCP-only servers.
The operating systems or virtual machines the SSH clients are designed to run on without emulation include several possibilities: . Partial indicates that while it works, the client lacks important functionality compared to versions for other OSs but may still be under development.
The protocol itself does not provide authentication and security; it expects the underlying protocol to secure this. SFTP is most often used as subsystem of SSH protocol version 2 implementations, having been designed by the same working group. It is possible, however, to run it over SSH-1 (and some implementations support this) or other data ...
A Unix shell is a command-line interpreter or shell that provides a command line user interface for Unix-like operating systems. The shell is both an interactive command language and a scripting language, and is used by the operating system to control the execution of the system using shell scripts. [2]