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  2. Crusades - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crusades

    The Crusades were a series of religious wars initiated, supported, and sometimes directed by the Christian Latin Church in the medieval period.The best known of these military expeditions are those to the Holy Land between 1095 and 1291 that had the objective of reconquering Jerusalem and its surrounding area from Muslim rule after the region had been conquered by the Rashidun Caliphate ...

  3. History of the Jews and the Crusades - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_and...

    The Jews were also subjected to attacks by the Shepherds' Crusades of 1251 and 1320. The attacks were opposed by the local bishops and widely condemned at the time as a violation of the crusades' aims, which were not directed against the Jews. [4] [5] However, the perpetrators mostly escaped legal punishment. The social position of the Jews in ...

  4. History of the Knights Templar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Knights_Templar

    The Knights Templar were an elite fighting force of their day, highly trained, well-equipped, and highly motivated; one of the tenets of their religious order was that they were forbidden from retreating in battle, unless outnumbered three to one, and even then only by order of their commander, or if the Templar flag went down.

  5. First Crusade - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Crusade

    The first of these is Crusades, [191] [137] by French historian Louis R. Bréhier, appearing in the Catholic Encyclopedia, based on his L'Église et l'Orient au Moyen Âge: Les Croisades. [192] The second is The Crusades, [193] by English historian Ernest Barker, in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition). Collectively, Bréhier and Barker ...

  6. Siege of Jerusalem (1099) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Jerusalem_(1099)

    Many other crusades were launched through time for various reasons and motives. Jerusalem remained in Christian hands for almost a century until the crusaders were defeated by Saladin at the Battle of Hattin in 1187, and three months later, the last defenders were expelled from the city. [10]

  7. Crusading movement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crusading_movement

    The crusades were religious wars that the Christian Latin church initiated, supported, and sometimes directed during the Middle Ages. The members of the church defined this movement in legal and theological terms based on the concepts of holy war and pilgrimage .

  8. Outrage after Obama compares ISIS to the Crusades in ... - AOL

    www.aol.com/news/2015-02-05-outrage-after-obama...

    Several people pointed out the Crusades happened 800-1,000 years ago. "When you have to go back that far for an example, you've made the point that Christianity doesn't engage in such behavior," R ...

  9. Fall of Outremer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fall_of_Outremer

    The Knights Templar, the elite fighting force in the kingdom, would be disbanded and its knights imprisoned or executed. The Mongols converted to Islam, but disintegrated as a fighting force. The Mamluk sultanate would continue for another century. The Crusades to liberate Jerusalem and the Holy Land were over.