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  2. Nature (philosophy) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nature_(philosophy)

    Going further, the philosophical concept of nature or natures as a special type of causation - for example that the way particular humans are is partly caused by something called "human nature" is an essential step towards Aristotle's teaching concerning causation, which became standard in all Western philosophy until the arrival of modern science.

  3. Natural philosophy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_philosophy

    A celestial map from the 17th century, by the Dutch cartographer Frederik de Wit. Natural philosophy or philosophy of nature (from Latin philosophia naturalis) is the philosophical study of physics, that is, nature and the physical universe while ignoring any supernatural influence.

  4. Environmental philosophy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_philosophy

    Environmental philosophy emerged as a branch of philosophy in 1970s. Early environmental philosophers include Seyyed Hossein Nasr, Richard Routley, Arne Næss, and J. Baird Callicott. The movement was an attempt to connect with humanity's sense of alienation from nature in a continuing fashion throughout history. [4]

  5. Christopher Peacocke - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Peacocke

    Christopher Arthur Bruce Peacocke (born 22 May 1950) is a British philosopher known for his work in philosophy of mind and epistemology. His recent publications, in the field of epistemology, have defended a version of rationalism. His daughter, Antonia Peacocke, is also a philosopher, now at Stanford University, specialising in philosophy of mind.

  6. Argument from reason - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argument_from_reason

    1. Since everything in nature can be wholly explained in terms of nonrational causes, human reason (more precisely, the power of drawing conclusions based solely on the rational cause of logical insight) must have a source outside of nature. 2. If human reason came from non-reason it would lose all rational credentials and would cease to be ...

  7. Naturalism (philosophy) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naturalism_(philosophy)

    According to Steven Schafersman, naturalism is a philosophy that maintains that; "Nature encompasses all that exists throughout space and time; Nature (the universe or cosmos) consists only of natural elements, that is, of spatio-temporal physical substance – mass –energy.

  8. Christopher Heath Wellman - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Heath_Wellman

    Christopher “Kit” Heath Wellman (born February 22, 1967) is an American philosopher. He teaches at Washington University in St. Louis , where he is also dean of academic planning for Arts & Sciences. [ 1 ]

  9. Rights of nature - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rights_of_nature

    The legal and philosophical concept of rights of nature offers a shift from a frame of nature as property or resource, to nature as an interconnected Earth community partner. This school of thought aims at following the same path that human rights movements have followed, where at first recognition of rights in the rightless appeared ...