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Substance intoxication is a transient condition of altered consciousness and behavior associated with recent use of a substance. [1] It is often maladaptive and impairing , but reversible. [ 2 ] If the symptoms are severe, the term "substance intoxication delirium " may be used. [ 3 ]
Some effects of alcohol intoxication, such as euphoria and lowered social inhibition, are central to alcohol's desirability. [21] As drinking increases, people become sleepy or fall into a stupor. At very high blood alcohol concentrations, for example above 0.3%, the respiratory system becomes depressed and the person may stop breathing. [22]
Intoxication — or poisoning, especially by an alcoholic or narcotic substance — may refer to: Substance intoxication: Alcohol intoxication; LSD intoxication;
Fentanyl. 2 mg (white powder to the right) is a lethal dose in most people. [1] US penny is 19 mm (0.75 in) wide.. A drug overdose (overdose or OD) is the ingestion or application of a drug or other substance in quantities much greater than are recommended.
Toxicity is the degree to which a chemical substance or a particular mixture of substances can damage an organism. [1] Toxicity can refer to the effect on a whole organism, such as an animal, bacterium, or plant, as well as the effect on a substructure of the organism, such as a cell (cytotoxicity) or an organ such as the liver (hepatotoxicity).
The amount and circumstances of consumption play a large role in determining the extent of intoxication; for example, eating a heavy meal before alcohol consumption causes alcohol to absorb more slowly. [1] The amount of alcohol consumed largely determines the extent of hangovers, although hydration also plays a role.
Critics argue that the alcohol industry's definition does not always align with official recommendations for safe drinking limits. [72] Social drinking - refers to casual drinking of alcoholic beverages in a social setting (for example bars, nightclubs, or parties) without an intent to become intoxicated. A social drinker is also defined as a ...
An example is "wood alcohol" or methanol, which is not poisonous itself but is chemically converted to toxic formaldehyde and formic acid once it reaches the liver. [16] Many drug molecules are made toxic in the liver, and the genetic variability of certain liver enzymes makes the toxicity of many compounds differ between people.