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  2. Pythagorean theorem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pythagorean_theorem

    Let ABC be a triangle with side lengths a, b, and c, with a 2 + b 2 = c 2. Construct a second triangle with sides of length a and b containing a right angle. By the Pythagorean theorem, it follows that the hypotenuse of this triangle has length c = √ a 2 + b 2, the same as the hypotenuse of the first triangle.

  3. Pythagorean triple - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pythagorean_triple

    If c = p e is a prime power, there exists a primitive Pythagorean triple a 2 + b 2 = c 2 if and only if the prime p has the form 4n + 1; this triple is unique up to the exchange of a and b. More generally, a positive integer c is the hypotenuse of a primitive Pythagorean triple if and only if each prime factor of c is congruent to 1 modulo 4 ...

  4. Identity (mathematics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Identity_(mathematics)

    Visual proof of the Pythagorean identity: for any angle , the point (,) = (⁡, ⁡) lies on the unit circle, which satisfies the equation + =.Thus, ⁡ + ⁡ =. In mathematics, an identity is an equality relating one mathematical expression A to another mathematical expression B, such that A and B (which might contain some variables) produce the same value for all values of the variables ...

  5. Law of cosines - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_of_cosines

    The third formula shown is the result of solving for a in the quadratic equation a 2 − 2ab cos γ + b 2 − c 2 = 0. This equation can have 2, 1, or 0 positive solutions corresponding to the number of possible triangles given the data.

  6. Quadratic formula - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quadratic_formula

    In elementary algebra, the quadratic formula is a closed-form expression describing the solutions of a quadratic equation. Other ways of solving quadratic equations, such as completing the square , yield the same solutions.

  7. Completing the square - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Completing_the_square

    In elementary algebra, completing the square is a technique for converting a quadratic polynomial of the form ⁠ + + ⁠ to the form ⁠ + ⁠ for some values of ⁠ ⁠ and ⁠ ⁠. [1] In terms of a new quantity ⁠ x − h {\displaystyle x-h} ⁠ , this expression is a quadratic polynomial with no linear term.

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  9. IM 67118 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IM_67118

    It is now widely accepted as a result of Jens Høyrup's extensive analysis of the vocabulary of Old Babylonian mathematics, that underlying the procedures in texts such as IM 67118 was a set of standard cut-and-paste geometric operations, not a symbolic algebra. [8] [9] Possible geometric basis for a solution of IM 67118.