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One of several nitrogen oxides, nitrogen dioxide is a reddish-brown gas. It is a paramagnetic , bent molecule with C 2v point group symmetry . Industrially, NO 2 is an intermediate in the synthesis of nitric acid , millions of tons of which are produced each year, primarily for the production of fertilizers .
If the volatiles evolve into a reducing atmosphere, the nitrogen evolved can readily be made to form nitrogen gas, rather than NO x. The second pathway involves the combustion of nitrogen contained in the char matrix during the combustion of the char portion of the fuels. This reaction occurs much more slowly than the volatile phase.
The term inert gas is context-dependent because several of the inert gases, including nitrogen and carbon dioxide, can be made to react under certain conditions. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Purified argon gas is the most commonly used inert gas due to its high natural abundance (78.3% N 2 , 1% Ar in air) [ 3 ] and low relative cost.
Ozone in the troposphere is primarily produced through the photolysis of nitrogen dioxide by photons with wavelengths (λ) less than 420 nanometers, [1] which are able to reach the lowest levels of the atmosphere, through the following mechanism: [2]: pg. 22
Individual reactions to air pollutants depend on the type of pollutant a person is exposed to, the degree of exposure, and the individual's health status and genetics. [102] The most common sources of air pollution include particulates and ozone (often from burning fossil fuels), [122] nitrogen dioxide, and sulfur dioxide. Children aged less ...
Atmospheric chemistry is a branch of atmospheric science that studies the chemistry of the Earth's atmosphere and that of other planets. This multidisciplinary approach of research draws on environmental chemistry, physics, meteorology, computer modeling, oceanography, geology and volcanology, climatology and other disciplines to understand both natural and human-induced changes in atmospheric ...
Both ways are common in the atmosphere and can efficiently remove radicals and nitrogen dioxide. The presence of smog in California is shown near the Golden Gate Bridge . The brown coloration is due to the NO 2 formed from photochemical smog reactions.
However, the bulk was likely nitrogen N 2, and carbon dioxide CO 2, which are also the predominant nitrogen- and carbon-bearing gases produced by volcanism today. These are relatively inert gases. Oxygen, O 2, meanwhile, was present in the atmosphere at just 0.001% of its present atmospheric level.