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  2. Comparison of programming languages (basic instructions)

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_programming...

    modified_identifier_list «As «non_array_type««array_rank_specifier»» (multiple declarator); valid declaration statements are of the form Dim declarator_list , where, for the purpose of semantic analysis, to convert the declarator_list to a list of only single declarators:

  3. Enumerated type - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enumerated_type

    In fact, an enum type in Java is actually a special compiler-generated class rather than an arithmetic type, and enum values behave as global pre-generated instances of that class. Enum types can have instance methods and a constructor (the arguments of which can be specified separately for each enum value). All enum types implicitly extend the ...

  4. Duck typing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duck_typing

    Duck typing is similar to, but distinct from, structural typing.Structural typing is a static typing system that determines type compatibility and equivalence by a type's structure, whereas duck typing is dynamic and determines type compatibility by only that part of a type's structure that is accessed during runtime.

  5. Covariance and contravariance (computer science) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Covariance_and_contra...

    As discussed above, covariant arrays lead to problems with writes into the array. Java [4]: 126 and C# deal with this by marking each array object with a type when it is created. Each time a value is stored into an array, the execution environment will check that the run-time type of the value is equal to the run-time type of the array.

  6. Exception handling (programming) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exception_handling...

    Kiniry writes that "As any Java programmer knows, the volume of try catch code in a typical Java application is sometimes larger than the comparable code necessary for explicit formal parameter and return value checking in other languages that do not have checked exceptions. In fact, the general consensus among in-the-trenches Java programmers ...

  7. Data type - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_type

    The standard type hierarchy of Python 3. In computer science and computer programming, a data type (or simply type) is a collection or grouping of data values, usually specified by a set of possible values, a set of allowed operations on these values, and/or a representation of these values as machine types. [1]

  8. Java syntax - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_syntax

    The syntax of Java is the set of rules defining how a Java program is written and interpreted. The syntax is mostly derived from C and C++. Unlike C++, Java has no global functions or variables, but has data members which are also regarded as global variables. All code belongs to classes and all values are objects.

  9. Method overriding - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Method_overriding

    Illustration. Method overriding, in object-oriented programming, is a language feature that allows a subclass or child class to provide a specific implementation of a method that is already provided by one of its superclasses or parent classes.