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Transforming food waste to either food products, feed products, or converting it to or extracting food or feed ingredients is termed as food waste valorisation. Valorisation of food waste offers an economical and environmental opportunity, which can reduce the problems of its conventional disposal.
Landfill gas is a mix of different gases created by the action of microorganisms within a landfill as they decompose organic waste, including for example, food waste and paper waste. Landfill gas is approximately forty to sixty percent methane , with the remainder being mostly carbon dioxide .
Example of feedstocks can be from: Sewage sludges: Liquid sludge, untreated sewage sludge, composted sludge, and lime treated sludge. Animal wastes: Animal fats, animal blood, food remains, stomach contents, rumen contents, animal carcasses, and poultry, fish, and livestock manure. Energy crops: Usually corn, maize, millet, and clover. This can ...
Leachate is a widely used term in the environmental sciences where it has the specific meaning of a liquid that has dissolved or entrained environmentally harmful substances that may then enter the environment. It is most commonly used in the context of land-filling of putrescible or industrial waste.
Liquid waste is an important category of waste management because it is so difficult to deal with. Unlike solid wastes, liquid wastes cannot be easily picked up and removed from an environment. Liquid wastes spread out, and easily pollute other sources of liquid if brought into contact.
[20]: 4, 6 Finally, the 2018/851/EU directive of 30 May 2018 (the revised Waste Framework Directive) [25] combined the two (after waste was redefined in 2008 by Article 3.1 of 2008/98/EC as "any substance or object which the holder discards or intends or is required to discard") [23] by defining food waste as "all food as defined in Article 2 ...
2-Methyltetrahydrofuran, a solvent derived from waste plant matter. First-generation biorefineries exploit food-based substances such as starch and vegetable oils. [18] For example, corn grain is used to make ethanol. Second-generation biorefineries use residues or wastes generated by various industries as feedstock for the manufacture of their ...
Waste comes in many different forms and may be categorized in a variety of ways. The types listed here are not necessarily exclusive and there may be considerable overlap so that one waste entity may fall into one to many types.