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  2. Boreal (age) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boreal_(age)

    First, "Boreal" can identify a paleoclimate, a pollen zone or a temporally-fixed chronozone, and those three bases of definition allow quite different dates. Second, different dating methods obtain different dates. The underlying problem is that climate and pollen vary somewhat from region to region.

  3. Subarctic climate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subarctic_climate

    The subarctic climate (also called subpolar climate, or boreal climate) is a continental climate with long, cold (often very cold) winters, and short, warm to cool summers. It is found on large landmasses, often away from the moderating effects of an ocean, generally at latitudes from 50°N to 70°N, poleward of the humid continental climates .

  4. Boreal ecosystem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boreal_ecosystem

    A boreal ecosystem is an ecosystem with a subarctic climate located in the Northern Hemisphere, approximately between 50° and 70°N latitude. These ecosystems are commonly known as taiga and are located in parts of North America, Europe, and Asia. [1] The ecosystems that lie immediately to the south of boreal zones are often called hemiboreal ...

  5. Boreal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boreal

    Boreal (age), the first climatic phase of the Blytt-Sernander sequence of northern Europe, during the Holocene epoch; Boreal climate, a climate characterized by long winters and short, cool to mild summers; Boreal ecosystem, an ecosystem with a subarctic climate in the Northern Hemisphere; Boreal forest, a biome characterized by coniferous forests

  6. Taiga - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiga

    The boreal forest/taiga supports a relatively small variety of highly specialized and adapted animals, due to the harshness of the climate. Canada's boreal forest includes 85 species of mammals, 130 species of fish, and an estimated 32,000 species of insects. [37] Insects play a critical role as pollinators, decomposers, and as a part of the ...

  7. Hemiboreal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemiboreal

    The term sometimes denotes the form of climate characteristic of the zone of hemiboreal forests—specifically, the climates designated Dfb, Dwb and Dsb in the Köppen climate classification scheme. On occasion, it is applied to all areas that have long, cold winters and warm (but not hot) summers—which also including areas that are semiarid ...

  8. Holarctic realm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holarctic_realm

    Within the Holarctic realm, there are a variety of ecosystems. The type of ecosystem found in a given area depends on its latitude and the local geography. In the far north, a band of Arctic tundra encircles the shore of the Arctic Ocean. The ground beneath this land is permafrost (frozen year-round). In these difficult growing conditions, few ...

  9. List of periods and events in climate history - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_periods_and_events...

    Pre-Boreal sharp rise in temperature over 50 years (B-S), precedes Boreal 8500–6900: Boreal (B-S), rising sea levels, forest replaces tundra in northern Europe 7500–3900: Neolithic Subpluvial/African humid period in North Africa, wet 7000–3000: Holocene climatic optimum, or Atlantic in northern Europe (B-S) 6200: 8.2-kiloyear event cold ...