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Structure of a plant cell. Plant cells are the cells present in green plants, photosynthetic eukaryotes of the kingdom Plantae.Their distinctive features include primary cell walls containing cellulose, hemicelluloses and pectin, the presence of plastids with the capability to perform photosynthesis and store starch, a large vacuole that regulates turgor pressure, the absence of flagella or ...
Thirdly, plant morphology studies plant structure at a range of scales. At the smallest scales are ultrastructure, the general structural features of cells visible only with the aid of an electron microscope, and cytology, the study of cells using optical microscopy. At this scale, plant morphology overlaps with plant anatomy as a field of study.
The androecium is one of the fertile cycles of flowers. The parts that make up the androecium are called stamens whose function is the generation of male gametophytes or pollen grains. The stamens are highly modified leaves formed by a foot that is inserted into the receptacle of the flower, called filament, and a distal portion called anther ...
Epidermal cells are tightly linked to each other and provide mechanical strength and protection to the plant. Particularly, wavy pavement cells are suggested to play a pivotal role in preventing or guiding cracks in the epidermis. [4] The walls of the epidermal cells of the above-ground parts of plants contain cutin, and are covered with a cuticle.
Palisade cell, or palisade mesophyll cell are plant cells located inside the mesophyll of most green leaves. They are vertically elongated and are stacked side by side, in contrast to the irregular and loosely arranged spongy mesophyll cells beneath them. Palisade cells are responsible for carrying out the majority of the photosynthesis in a ...
The presence of vessels in xylem has been considered to be one of the key innovations that led to the success of the flowering plants. It was once thought that vessel elements were an evolutionary innovation of flowering plants, but their absence from some basal angiosperms and their presence in some members of the Gnetales suggest that this hypothesis must be re-examined; vessel elements in ...
Generally each pit has a complementary pit opposite of it in the neighboring cell. These complementary pits are called "pit pairs". [1] Pits are composed of three parts: the pit chamber, the pit aperture, and the pit membrane. The pit chamber is the hollow area where the secondary layers of the cell wall are absent.
Hooke most famously describes a fly's eye and a plant cell (where he coined that term because plant cells, which are walled, reminded him of the cells in a honeycomb [2]). Known for its spectacular copperplate of the miniature world, particularly its fold-out plates of insects, the text itself reinforces the tremendous power of the new microscope.