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Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP, α-fetoprotein; also sometimes called alpha-1-fetoprotein, alpha-fetoglobulin, or alpha fetal protein) is a protein [5] [6] that in humans is encoded by the AFP gene. [ 7 ] [ 8 ] The AFP gene is located on the q arm of chromosome 4 (4q13.3). [ 9 ]
AFP is normally elevated in infants, and because teratoma is the single most common kind of tumor in infants, several studies have provided reference ranges for AFP in normal infants. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ] Perhaps the most useful is this equation: log Y = 7.397 - 2.622.log (X + 10), where X = age in days and Y = AFP level in nanograms per ...
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) describes a set of highly-related glycoproteins involved in cell adhesion.CEA is normally produced in gastrointestinal tissue during fetal development, but the production stops before birth.
The AFP-L3% assay, a liquid-phase binding assay, will help to identify at-risk subjects earlier, allowing for more intense evaluation for evidence of HCC according to existing practice guidelines in oncology. AFP-L3% is the standard for quantifying the L3 isoform of AFP in serum of high risk chronic liver disease (CLD) patients.
Illustration of hook effect adapted from Schiettecatte et al. [1] The hook effect refers to the prozone phenomenon, also known as antibody excess, or the postzone phenomenon, also known as antigen excess.
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Elon Musk’s one-armed salute before a cheering crowd during President Donald Trump’s inauguration festivities has ignited a swirl of debate about the true meaning of the tech billionaire’s ...
A A&TWF – Acquisition and technology work force a – Army AA – Assembly area AA – Anti-aircraft AA – Aegis ashore AAA – Anti-aircraft artillery "Triple A" AAAV – Advanced Amphibious Assault Vehicle AAC – Army Air Corps AAD – Armored amphibious dozer AADC – Area air defense commander AAE – Army acquisition executive AAG – Anti-aircraft gun AAK – Appliqué armor kit (US ...