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2-rich air flows in from lower latitudes, the PSCs are destroyed, the enhanced ozone depletion process shuts down, and the ozone hole closes. [51] Most of the ozone that is destroyed is in the lower stratosphere, in contrast to the much smaller ozone depletion through homogeneous gas-phase reactions, which occurs primarily in the upper ...
Ozone is a greenhouse gas, [32] and changes in its atmospheric abundance due to human activity have radiative forcing effects. Ozone absorbs both ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun and infrared radiation emitted from Earth's surface. [4] Human activity has depleted ozone in the stratopshere and increased its abundance in the troposphere ...
Delivering ozone dissolved in liquids is not straight forward as ozone gas has limited solubility in water or oil. [15] When treating the water or other liquids themselves, the solubility is less of a problem as pure ozone gas can be discharged into the liquid until the desired effect is achieved. Charvet ozone generators in a laundry circa 1903
Since the late 1970s, the use of CFCs has been heavily regulated because of their destructive effects on the ozone layer. After the development of his electron capture detector , James Lovelock was the first to detect the widespread presence of CFCs in the air, finding a mole fraction of 60 ppt of CFC-11 over Ireland .
Ozone remains depleted in the midlatitudes of both hemispheres. The global-average total column ozone amount for the period 1997-2001 was approximately 3% below the pre-1980 average values. Models capture the observed long-term ozone changes in northern and southern midlatitudes.
It was the mid-1970s, three decades after Midgley’s death, before the damage from his two inventions became publicly known. CFCs had punched a hole in the ozone layer over Antarctica; if left ...
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The ozone depletion potential (ODP) of a chemical compound is the relative amount of degradation to the ozone layer it can cause, with trichlorofluoromethane (R-11 or CFC-11) being fixed at an ODP of 1.0. Chlorodifluoromethane (R-22), for example, has an ODP of 0.05. CFC 11, or R-11 has the maximum potential amongst chlorocarbons because of the ...