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A reinforced concrete column is a structural member designed to carry compressive loads, composed of concrete with an embedded steel frame to provide reinforcement. For design purposes, the columns are separated into two categories: short columns and slender columns.
The height of the ribs and beams should be 1 ⁄ 25 of the span between columns. [3] The width of the solid area around the column should be 1 ⁄ 8 of the span between columns. Its height should be the same as the ribs. [3] Diagram showing waffle slab rib and Beam Heights rule of thumb formulas.
A reinforced concrete column is extended by having the steel reinforcing bars protrude a few inches or feet above the top of the concrete, then placing the next level of reinforcing bars to overlap, and pouring the concrete of the next level. A steel column is extended by welding or bolting splice plates on the flanges and webs or walls of the ...
An under-reinforced beam is one in which the tension capacity of the tensile reinforcement is smaller than the combined compression capacity of the concrete and the compression steel (under-reinforced at tensile face). When the reinforced concrete element is subject to increasing bending moment, the tension steel yields while the concrete does ...
A concrete frame, also known as a concrete skeleton, is a structure composed of interconnected beams, columns, and slabs that is used to support larger structures. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Due to the low cost of producing them, concrete frames are often used when building damns, bridges, and buildings.
The Concrete Reinforcing Steel Institute (CRSI) has developed standard symbols, graphics, and formats for shop drawings and cut sheets that generally are used by reinforcing steel fabricators. [5] Each fabricator, has particular style for shop drawings and cut sheets, depending on the drafts people and Computer-aided design systems.
Fig. 2: Column effective length factors for Euler's critical load. In practical design, it is recommended to increase the factors as shown above. The following assumptions are made while deriving Euler's formula: [3] The material of the column is homogeneous and isotropic. The compressive load on the column is axial only.
There are 12 possible reinforcement solutions to this problem, which are shown in the table below. Every row contains a possible solution. The first column contains the number of a solution. The second column gives conditions for which a solution is valid. Columns 3, 4 and 5 give the formulas for calculating the reinforcement ratios.