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A reinforced concrete column is a structural member designed to carry compressive loads, composed of concrete with an embedded steel frame to provide reinforcement. For design purposes, the columns are separated into two categories: short columns and slender columns.
Flared connections offer a high degree of long-term reliability and for this reason are often used in mission-critical and inaccessible locations. The tool used to flare tubing consists of a die that grips the tube, and either a mandrel or rolling cone is forced into the end of the tube to form the flare by cold working.
Waffle slabs are preferred for spans greater than 40 feet (12 m), because, for a given mass of concrete, they are much stronger than flat slabs, flat slabs with drop panels, two-way slabs, one-way slabs, and one-way joist slabs. [2] Section of a waffle slab including beam, ribs, and column head
A "active end anchorage of a prestressing tendon that has jacking operations undertaken at that end. [3]: 20 load balancing A prestressed concrete design method in which the prestressing forces exerted upon the member act to balance a given proportion of the service loads that the member will be subjected to. [1]: 38 longitudinal prestressing
Autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) is a lightweight, precast, cellular concrete building material. It is eco-friendly, and suitable for producing concrete-like blocks . [ 1 ] It is composed of quartz sand , gypsum , lime , portland cement , water, and aluminium powder .
The sheet-based formwork with V-shaped rails keeps shape in one direction (vertically) but, before being reinforced with steel beams, can be bent. Multiple sheets can be fixed together in same manner fences made of iron "sheets" can be. A circle can be made from a single sheet of "21" formwork, allowing cylindrical columns to be poured.
Stamped concrete is an architectural concrete that has a superior surface finish. After a concrete floor has been laid, floor hardeners (can be pigmented) are impregnated on the surface and a mold that may be textured to replicate a stone / brick or even wood is stamped on to give an attractive textured surface finish.
A concrete slab is a common structural element of modern buildings, consisting of a flat, horizontal surface made of cast concrete. Steel- reinforced slabs, typically between 100 and 500 mm thick, are most often used to construct floors and ceilings, while thinner mud slabs may be used for exterior paving ( see below ).