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Microsporidiosis is an opportunistic intestinal infection that causes diarrhea and wasting in immunocompromised individuals (HIV, for example). It results from different species of microsporidia, a group of microbial (unicellular) fungi. [1] In HIV-infected individuals, microsporidiosis generally occurs when CD4+ T cell counts fall below 150.
Approximately 10 percent of the known species are parasites of vertebrates — several species, most of which are opportunistic, can infect humans, in whom they can cause microsporidiosis. After infection they influence their hosts in various ways and all organs and tissues are invaded, though generally by different species of specialised ...
Enterocytozoon bieneusi, commonly known as microsporidia, is a unicellular, obligate intracellular eukaryote.Their life cycle includes a proliferative merogonic stage, followed by a sporogonic stage resulting in small, environmentally resistant, infective spores, which is their transmission mode.
Encephalitozoon intestinalis is a parasite. [1] It can cause microsporidiosis. [2] It is notable as having one of the smallest genome among known eukaryotic organisms, containing only 2.25 million base pairs. [3] Its genome was completely sequenced in 2010. [4]
Fumagillin has been used in the treatment of microsporidiosis. [8] [9] It is also an amebicide.[10]Fumagillin can block blood vessel formation by binding to an enzyme methionine aminopeptidase 2 [11] and for this reason, the compound, together with semisynthetic derivatives, are investigated as an angiogenesis inhibitor [12] in the treatment of cancer.
Microsporum gypseum is a soil-associated dermatophyte that occasionally is known to colonise and infect the upper dead layers of the skin of mammals. [1] The name refers to an asexual "form-taxon" that has been associated with four related biological species of fungi: the pathogenic taxa Arthroderma incurvatum, A. gypsea, A. fulva and the non-pathogenic saprotroph A. corniculata.
Only the development within gilthead sea bream is currently known. [1] Since some of the closest relatives of E. nucleophila infect crustaceans (e.g., Enterospora canceri or E. hepatopenaei), and some of them have heteroxenous cycles alternating between crustacean and fish hosts (e.g., Desmozoon lepeophtheri [3] [citation needed]), a similar alternating cycle could occur for E. nucleophila.
Fonsecaea pedrosoi is one of several main causative agents of human chromoblastomycosis, a chronic fungal infection localized to skin and subcutaneous tissue. [1] [8] [2] The disease was first described by Alexandrino Pedroso in 1911. [2] The fungus infects the host through the traumatic implantation of sexual spores known as conidia or hyphal ...