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Singhasari (Javanese: ꦏꦫꦠꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦱꦶꦔ꧀ꦲꦱꦫꦶ, romanized: Karaton Singhasari or Karaton Singosari, Indonesian: Kerajaan Singasari), also known as Tumapel, was a Javanese Hindu-Buddhist kingdom located in east Java between 1222 and 1292.
The Yuan dynasty under Kublai Khan attempted in 1293 to invade Java, an island in modern Indonesia, with 20,000 [14] to 30,000 soldiers. [7] This was intended as a punitive expedition against Kertanegara of Singhasari, who had refused to pay tribute to the Yuan and maimed one of their emissaries.
[2]: 188 The Singasari dynasty had come to power in Java following the overthrow of the previous Kediri Kingdom by Ken Arok, the first Singhasari ruler in 1222. Kertanagara was a follower of a mystical Tantric syncretism of Hinduism and Buddhism, and presented himself as the divine god-king incarnation of Shiva and Buddha. [3]
The statue of Amoghapasa on top of the inscription, sent from Bhumijava (Java) to Suvarnabhumi (Sumatra).. The Pamalayu campaign was a diplomatic and military expeditionary force sent by the Javanese King Kertanegara of Singhasari to conquer the Sumatran Melayu Kingdom.
Ken Arok (or Ken Angrok), Rajasa (died c. 1227), was the founder and first ruler of Singhasari (also spelled Singosari), a medieval Indianized Hindu–Buddhist kingdom in the East Java area of Indonesia.
Gajah Mada (c. 1290 – c. 1364), also known as Jirnnodhara, [3] was a powerful military leader and mahapatih [Note 3] of the Javanese empire of Majapahit during the 14th century.
The 1573 map by Egnazio Danti showing Cingatola as an island located on the tip of Regio di Malaca. The only comprehensive account of Singapore's history in this era is the Malay Annals. These were written and compiled during the height of the Malacca Sultanate and re-compiled in 1612 by the court of the Johor Sultanate. It is the basis for ...
Sunardjo, E.H. Unang, Selayang pandang sejarah masa kejayaan kerajaan Cirebon. Cirebon: Yayasan Keraton Kasepuhan Cirebon 1996. Sutherland, Heather, 'Notes on Java's regent families', Indonesia 17 1973 and 19 1974. Truhart, Peter, Regents of Nations. Systematic Chronology of States and Their Political Representatives in Past and Present.