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Mirtazapine is sometimes described as a noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressant (NaSSA), [11] although the actual evidence in support of this label has been regarded as poor. [17] It is a tetracyclic piperazine-azepine. [85] Mirtazapine has antihistamine, α 2-blocker, and antiserotonergic activity.
Chemical structure of the prototypical NaSSA mirtazapine (original brand name Remeron). Noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressants (NaSSAs) are a class of psychiatric drugs used primarily as antidepressants. [1]
The tetracyclic antidepressants mianserin and mirtazapine are α 2 blockers, although their efficacy as antidepressants may come from their activity at other receptor sites. [citation needed] Mechanistically, α 2 blockers increase adrenergic, dopaminergic and serotonergic neurotransmitters and induce insulin secretion, decreasing blood sugar ...
Besides mirtazapine, they also block the α 1-adrenergic receptor [citation needed]. Conversely, whereas TCAs have relatively low affinity for the α 2 -adrenergic receptor , mianserin and mirtazapine potently antagonize this receptor, and this action is thought to be involved in their antidepressant effects [ citation needed ] .
Remeron (mirtazapine) – an atypical antidepressant, used off-label as a sleep aid; Restoril – a benzodiazepine used to treat insomnia; Risperdal (risperidone) – atypical antipsychotic used to treat schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and irritability associated with autism; Ritalin (methylphenidate) – a stimulant used to treat ADHD
Biochemical mechanisms suggested as causative include increased serotonin, particularly affecting 5-HT 2 and 5-HT 3 receptors; decreased dopamine; decreased norepinephrine; blockade of cholinergic and α 1 adrenergic receptors; inhibition of nitric oxide synthetase; and elevation of prolactin levels. [163] Mirtazapine is reported to have fewer ...
An atypical antidepressant is any antidepressant medication that acts in a manner that is different from that of most other antidepressants. Atypical antidepressants include agomelatine, bupropion, iprindole, mianserin, mirtazapine, nefazodone, opipramol, tianeptine, and trazodone.
A literature review by Castagna, et. al from 2023 shows indications of efficacy treating pediatric generalized anxiety disorder. Currently, Duloxetine, an SNRI, is the only FDA-approved medication for pediatric GAD, despite the fact that SSRIs are typically first-line treatment.