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  2. Gel electrophoresis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gel_electrophoresis

    The graph to the right shows the nonlinear relationship between the size of the DNA fragment and the distance migrated. Gel electrophoresis is a process where an electric current is applied to DNA samples creating fragments that can be used for comparison between DNA samples. DNA is extracted. Isolation and amplification of DNA.

  3. SDS-PAGE - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SDS-PAGE

    Proteins of the erythrocyte membrane separated by SDS-PAGE according to their molecular masses. SDS-PAGE (sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) is a discontinuous electrophoretic system developed by Ulrich K. Laemmli which is commonly used as a method to separate proteins with molecular masses between 5 and 250 kDa.

  4. Biuret test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biuret_test

    The characteristic color of a positive biuret test. In chemistry, the biuret test (IPA: / ˌ b aɪ j ə ˈ r ɛ t /, / ˈ b aɪ j ə ˌ r ɛ t / [1]), also known as Piotrowski's test, is a chemical test used for detecting the presence of at least two peptide bonds in a molecule.

  5. Proteomics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proteomics

    Robotic preparation of MALDI mass spectrometry samples on a sample carrier. Proteomics is the large-scale study of proteins. [1] [2] Proteins are vital macromolecules of all living organisms, with many functions such as the formation of structural fibers of muscle tissue, enzymatic digestion of food, or synthesis and replication of DNA.

  6. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyacrylamide_gel...

    Picture of an SDS-PAGE. The molecular markers (ladder) are in the left lane. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) is a technique widely used in biochemistry, forensic chemistry, genetics, molecular biology and biotechnology to separate biological macromolecules, usually proteins or nucleic acids, according to their electrophoretic mobility.

  7. Peptide nucleic acid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peptide_nucleic_acid

    Several labs have reported sequence-specific polymerization of peptide nucleic acids from DNA or RNA templates. [6] [7] [8] Liu and coworkers used these polymerization methods to evolve functional PNAs with the ability to fold into three-dimensional structures, similar to proteins, aptamers and ribozymes. [6]

  8. Peptide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peptide

    Proteins consist of one or more polypeptides arranged in a biologically functional way, often bound to ligands such as coenzymes and cofactors, to another protein or other macromolecule such as DNA or RNA, or to complex macromolecular assemblies. [5] Amino acids that have been incorporated into peptides are termed residues.

  9. Chromatin immunoprecipitation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromatin_immunoprecipitation

    Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) is a type of immunoprecipitation experimental technique used to investigate the interaction between proteins and DNA in the cell. It aims to determine whether specific proteins are associated with specific genomic regions, such as transcription factors on promoters or other DNA binding sites , and possibly ...