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Shale is the most common source rock for hydrocarbons (natural gas and petroleum). [8] The lack of coarse sediments in most shale beds reflects the absence of strong currents in the waters of the depositional basin. These might have oxygenated the waters and destroyed organic matter before it could accumulate.
The new thought is that these ocean currents were slowed by blooms of microscopic marine primary producers, which allowed for the settlement of organic-rich sediments at the seafloor, producing many of the economically productive black shale beds that are present today. To this day it remains an intensely researched subject by scholars and ...
The organic matter in oil shales forms a complex macromolecular structure which is insoluble in common organic solvents. [1] [10] It is mixed with varied amounts of mineral matter. For commercial grades of oil shale, the ratio of organic matter to mineral matter is about 0.75:5 to 1.5:5. [10]
The beds display a pronounced cyclicity, ... Oil Shale from the Mahogany Zone of the Green River Formation, Colorado. ... The organic matter is from blue-green algae ...
The dark shale facies of the Marcellus were formed from flysch, a fine mud deposited in deep water; the deepening sea that deposited the Marcellus cut off the supply of carbonates that form limestone and the fine-grained flysch sediments buried the Onondaga limestone beds. [116] [117] Organic matter, probably dominated by plankton, also settled ...
Oil shale can be regarded as an organic-rich but immature source rock from which little or no oil has been generated and expelled. [2] Subsurface source rock mapping methodologies make it possible to identify likely zones of petroleum occurrence in sedimentary basins as well as shale gas plays.