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A close order formation is a military tactical formation in which soldiers are close together and regularly arranged for the tactical concentration of force. It was used by heavy infantry in ancient warfare , as the basis for shield wall and phalanx tactics, to multiply their effective weight of arms by their weight of numbers.
Company, in close order, form three/four ranks – in the UK, this command is used to form companies into three or four ranks of personnel each Staff behind me, (forward) march – in the US, this command is used by the parade commander to form his parade staff in readiness for the march past/pass in review segment of parades
A file formation is used for close terrain, often in dense vegetation or when there is low visibility. The file formation is easiest to control, and provides fire to the ranks should an ambush from the side occur. Diamond: Similar to the Wedge and inverted wedge, the diamond formation allows for the fourth section to follow the lead element.
The pentomic structure was a reaction to the perceived threat of nuclear weapons on the modern battlefield and a chance for the Army to secure additional funding. Earlier, the US Army had fought World War I with the "square" organisation, each division having two brigades, each with two infantry regiments.
This is a list of current formations of the United States Army, which is constantly changing as the Army changes its structure over time. Due to the nature of those changes, specifically the restructuring of brigades into autonomous modular brigades, debate has arisen as to whether brigades are units or formations; for the purposes of this list, brigades are currently excluded.
For example, an army will normally consist of a command unit plus infantry, cavalry and artillery formations. The detail regarding each formation may depend on the scale of the conflict. A large-scale campaign may start with armies and their subordinate corps, whilst a small campaign or battle force may only involve divisions and brigades.
A depiction of a Napoleonic-era British infantry square at the Battle of Quatre Bras, Belgium, 1815.. An infantry square, also known as a hollow square, was a historic close order formation used in combat by infantry units, usually when threatened with cavalry attack. [1]
An organization chart depicting the New Zealand Army's top level T/O as at 2007. The chart uses the NATO Military Symbols for Land Based Systems to depict the different kinds of units in the Army at this time. Military organization; Military doctrine; Military science; Military unit; Order of battle