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  2. 68–95–99.7 rule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/68–95–99.7_rule

    Diagram showing the cumulative distribution function for the normal distribution with mean (μ) 0 and variance (σ 2) 1 These numerical values "68%, 95%, 99.7%" come from the cumulative distribution function of the normal distribution .

  3. Irreducible fraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irreducible_fraction

    For example, ⁠ 1 / 4 ⁠, ⁠ 5 / 6 ⁠, and ⁠ −101 / 100 ⁠ are all irreducible fractions. On the other hand, ⁠ 2 / 4 ⁠ is reducible since it is equal in value to ⁠ 1 / 2 ⁠, and the numerator of ⁠ 1 / 2 ⁠ is less than the numerator of ⁠ 2 / 4 ⁠. A fraction that is reducible can be reduced by dividing both the numerator ...

  4. Percentage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentage

    An increase of $0.15 on a price of $2.50 is an increase by a fraction of ⁠ 0.15 / 2.50 ⁠ = 0.06. Expressed as a percentage, this is a 6% increase. While many percentage values are between 0 and 100, there is no mathematical restriction and percentages may take on other values. [4]

  5. Guess 2/3 of the average - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guess_2/3_of_the_average

    Therefore, any guess above ⁠44 + 4 / 9 ⁠ is weakly dominated for every player since no player will guess above ⁠66 + 2 / 3 ⁠, and ⁠ 2 / 3 ⁠ of ⁠66 + 2 / 3 ⁠ is ⁠44 + 4 / 9 ⁠. This process will continue as this logic is continually applied, If the same group of people play the game consistently, with each step, the highest ...

  6. Ratio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ratio

    The verbal equivalent is "40 is to 60 as 2 is to 3." A ratio that has integers for both quantities and that cannot be reduced any further (using integers) is said to be in simplest form or lowest terms. Sometimes it is useful to write a ratio in the form 1:x or x:1, where x is not necessarily an integer, to enable comparisons of different ...

  7. Percentage point - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentage_point

    A percentage point or percent point is the unit for the arithmetic difference between two percentages.For example, moving up from 40 percent to 44 percent is an increase of 4 percentage points (although it is a 10-percent increase in the quantity being measured, if the total amount remains the same). [1]

  8. Monty Hall problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monty_Hall_problem

    If the car is behind door 1, the host can open either door 2 or door 3, so the probability that the car is behind door 1 and the host opens door 3 is ⁠ 1 / 3 ⁠ × ⁠ 1 / 2 ⁠ = ⁠ 1 / 6 ⁠. If the car is behind door 2 – with the player having picked door 1 – the host must open door 3, such the probability that the car is behind door ...

  9. Coefficient of relationship - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coefficient_of_relationship

    People for which the same situation applies for their 1024 ancestors of ten generations ago would have a coefficient of r = 2 −10 = 0.1%. If follows that the value of r can be given to an accuracy of a few percent if the family tree of both people is known for a depth of five generations, and to an accuracy of a tenth of a percent if the ...